Swimming pools in kindergartens, photo / Children in the pool in kindergartens, video

SanPIN for swimming pools. Visiting rules and regulations for children: what should the water temperature be? Swimming equipment for the pool.

In this article we will talk about a swimming pool in a kindergarten and consider its healing effect on children.
We will provide detailed descriptions of the hygiene requirements for the pool and adjacent premises, and tell you about the functions of the maintenance personnel described in SanPiN. We will also separately discuss the safety of children and the things necessary for visiting the pool. A pond in a kindergarten has specific differences from a public one: everything must be designed for children, and their interests and characteristics must be taken into account. Children's institutions are subject to the most stringent requirements for hygiene and sanitary standards so that staying in the water is absolutely safe and brings only benefits. In this article we will look at some aspects and features of swimming pools in kindergartens.

The healing effect of swimming on a child’s body

The benefits of swimming in a pool for the harmonious development and health of a child have been proven many times. Exercises in water help develop and strengthen the muscular corset and correct posture, and rhythmic breathing helps prevent viral respiratory diseases. Swimming is also one of the least traumatic sports, since the body is completely supported by water, and the load is distributed evenly across all muscle groups. Improving blood circulation during exercise helps to increase brain activity.

Swimming combines both work and relaxation, so the muscles, by tensing and then stretching, become stronger and stronger, but do not increase in volume. Children's activities in the pool cannot cause harm, because they are even used in the rehabilitation of patients.

During the classes, children are taught not only different swimming styles, but also diving in the pool, which helps improve lung function, coordination, and develop the skill of exhaling under water. Proper breathing also helps saturate brain cells with oxygen. By playing in a pond, children can release excess energy, and the waves of water that support the body, like a massage, will relax, calm and relieve the child from hyperactivity for a while.

In addition to the positive effect on general health, playing in water improves the emotional and psychological state of the child.

SanPiN requirements for children's pools

SanPiN (Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Standards) are a fundamental set of rules for organizing a swimming pool. This document contains all instructions, requirements and standards that must be strictly and fully observed. Let's look at some of the most important of them.

So, what must be near the pool?

2 changing rooms;
Spacious hall with a pond;
Showers, toilets;
Nurse's office and swim coach's room;
Premises containing the technical equipment of the swimming pool;
Laboratory for water analysis.

Now let's look at the roles and responsibilities of the people who must be present throughout the entire swimming lesson: the instructor and the nurse.

The physical education instructor (who teaches swimming in the pool) should ensure that children shower before they go into the pool and after class to rinse off the chlorine-containing water.

The nurse should examine children before each activity to check for skin irritation and illness. If children complain about their well-being, as stipulated by SanPiN, the nurse releases them from classes. She must be with the children during the entire lesson. The pool should have dimensions from 3 by 7 to 6 by 10 meters. The optimal water temperature is 30-32 degrees, children love warm water and are willing to play in it. The nurse monitors the children during classes, monitors the hygienic condition of the pool, equipment and all adjacent rooms, controls the temperature of the water and air, helps children wash and dress, and provides first aid if necessary.

SanPiN attaches great importance to measures for disinfection and disinfestation of the pool, how many times and how to take samples and analyzes of water, bacteria, etc. SanPiN also pays attention to water purity. Its complete replacement with constant circulation should be carried out within 8 hours. If there is no constant circulation, then the discharge and collection of water must be carried out daily, according to SanPiN. Cleaning the pool in a kindergarten must be carried out by special services or employees responsible for this operation.

According to SanPiN, the pool and adjacent rooms in a kindergarten can become centers of mass infection - fungal, adenoviral, parasitic infections. Therefore, treatment and disinfection must be carried out regularly and according to established rules. Shower and toilet rooms, locker rooms, and bench surfaces are subject to daily cleaning.

General cleaning of the pool is usually carried out once a month. Water quality control is carried out once a day, microclimate parameters - 2 times a year, air condition, noise and lighting levels - once a year, bacteriological and parasitological analyzes of the water surface - once a quarter. Interesting fact: The recommended time in the pool is adjusted based on the age of the children: junior group - 15-20 minutes, middle group - 20-25 minutes, senior and preparatory groups - 25-30 minutes.

In winter, classes in the pool should take place after a walk; if this is not possible, then at least 50 minutes should pass between swimming and walking.

My kindergarten

Author: Plotnikova Yana Aleksandrovna, teacher, MADOU “Kindergarten N318 in the city of Perm.

Swimming in kindergarten.

Swimming is a powerful emotional and positive factor that allows you to solve important problems. Helps correct poor posture, prevents flat feet, helps relieve muscle tone, develops coordination, rhythmic movement, and increases the body's motor capabilities. Systematic exercises in the pool improve the functioning of the circulatory and respiratory organs. Has a powerful hardening effect.

The main goal of the classes is to teach preschool children to swim; hardening and strengthening of the child’s body; teaching each child to be aware of physical exercise; creating the basis for versatile physical development.

During the classes, tasks on forming are solved:

swimming skills;
taking care of your health;
personal hygiene skills;
the ability to control your body in an unusual environment.

What effect does swimming have on a child’s body?

Swimming improves the functionality of the nervous system, its autonomic functions, and increases the mobility of nervous processes. It is especially useful for those children who are overly excited. The water temperature and monotonous cyclic movements have a calming effect on the nervous system, make the child calmer, and ensure sound sleep.

During immersion and swimming, unique conditions are created for the functioning of the heart and the entire cardiovascular system. During swimming, regular bathing, or just staying in the water, changes occur in the composition of the blood.

Swimming hardens the human body, increases its resistance to temperature fluctuations and immunity to colds. Water has both mechanical and thermal effects on the skin. It washes away dirt, sweat, sebum, and the top layer of epithelium from the skin, i.e. cleanses the skin, improves skin respiration and strengthens the skin itself.

Swimming affects a child's growth. Swimming is an indispensable tool for creating a “muscle corset.” Swimming is one of the means of treating the consequences of limb fractures and spinal cord diseases associated with motor dysfunction. Swimming helps reduce excess fat deposits. At the same time, in very thin children, these activities help to increase subcutaneous fat, which, together with an increase in muscle strength and volume, improves posture.

Organization of swimming lessons in kindergarten.

Swimming lessons should be held no earlier than 40-50 minutes after a meal and no later than 1.5 - 2 hours before bedtime. In a kindergarten, the most acceptable time for swimming lessons is considered to be: before lunch - from 9:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.;

Swimming training takes place in the form of subgroup lessons. For activities in the pool, children are divided into two subgroups. Depending on the age, the number of children in subgroups will vary.

Swimming training at the preschool educational institution is conducted for each group 2 times a week.

the younger group studies for 15-20 minutes;
middle group – 20 -25 minutes;
senior group – 25 minutes-30 minutes.
preparatory group – 30 -35 minutes.

Classes in the pool in our kindergarten are held starting from the second youngest group (3 years). The first lesson takes the form of a tour of the pool, during which the instructor introduces the rules of behavior in the pool (shows the children where and how to undress and change clothes, put on a bathing cap, how to wash in the shower, and walk along the walkway).

The training consists of three stages:

getting used to water;
water development;
mastering swimming movements.

In our kindergarten, swimming is given great importance. This work is carried out by a swimming instructor.

About the importance of swimming for a child’s body.

Swimming in the pool for children of early preschool age for the purpose of improving their health and teaching them practical skills began to be introduced in our country and abroad in the 70s of the last century (although in fact the roots of this method go back to ancient times). It is known how often accidents on the water are recorded, occurring due to the fact that the victims, including children, do not know how to swim. If children from an early age were taught to float freely on the water and swim at least a short distance, and also developed a culture of behavior on the water, then many would be protected from possible misfortune.

At the same time, the main goal of teaching preschoolers to swim is to promote their health and hardening, and ensure comprehensive physical training. Bathing, swimming, games and water activities have a beneficial effect on all body systems.

GUIDELINES.

It is recommended to start learning to swim with preparatory exercises on land. This allows children to master movements in the water faster and more correctly. The fragility and immaturity of the child’s body require careful consideration of the abilities, inclinations, and most importantly, the capabilities of each child. Only with strict consideration of gender, age, level of physical development, health status, susceptibility to colds, water habits and changes in temperature conditions, individual reactions to physical activity can the most effective methods of learning to swim be found. The methodology for teaching swimming to preschoolers is based on the basic didactic requirements of pedagogy and is educational and developmental in nature.

Objectives of swimming training by age group.

Second youngest.

Teach children not to be afraid to enter the water, teach them to splash in it.
Teach how to move in the water along the bottom of the pool in different ways at different depths.
Learn to dive into water and open your eyes in it. Learn to hold your breath underwater, dive. Learn to exhale into water while immersing yourself up to your nose. and with immersion of the face and head.
Learn to lie on the water (on your chest), holding the handrail with your hands, holding the teacher’s hands with support. Learn to lie down on your own.
Learn to perform chest slides with auxiliary equipment.

When teaching swimming to young children, much attention is paid to the initial stage of developing the correct skills.

Learning each swimming exercise (movement) requires a certain readiness from the child, so it comes down to play.

Middle group

Learn to move independently in the water in different directions, in different ways.
Learn to dive into water, hold your breath, dive under a toy. Learn to dive and collect objects from the bottom of the pool.
Learn to exhale into the water while immersing your face and head.
Learn to lie on the water with the support of a teacher and independently.
Learn to glide on the surface of the water on your chest and back with the help of an adult and with auxiliary equipment.
Learn to perform movements with your legs and arms on land and in water as when swimming crawl.
Develop physical qualities: strength, endurance, speed.

In children of middle preschool age, the swimming skills and abilities acquired in classes in the younger group are consolidated. Much attention at this age is paid to instilling organization and discipline in children. The training uses a variety of exercises for special training and games to master movements in water. Games for acquiring diving skills.

Senior group.

Learn to immerse yourself in water for longer periods of time.
Learn to exhale into the water (alternate inhaling over the water with exhaling into the water).
Learn to slide. On your chest on your back, pushing off with your feet from the bottom and walls of the pool.
Learn to slide in combination with exhaling into the water.
Teach coordination movements with your feet in the water, leaning on your hands, lying on your back and chest.
Teach leg movements in sliding on the chest, on the back (like a crawl) with and without a movable support (boards).
Training in coordination abilities in water. teach arm movements in swimming on the front and back.

Classes in the senior group include: exercises and games for the development of hands, breathing exercises, exercises for special training, games for mastering sliding skills, relay race games.

Preparatory group.

Learn to lie in water on your back and chest for a long time.
Learn to slide in water on your chest, on your back in combination with movements of your legs and arms.
Learn to dive into the water.
Teaching easier swimming methods with footwork and supporting stroke movements of the arms (on the back, on the chest).
Development and improvement of coordination abilities in water, learning combinations of movements with arms and legs while holding the breath and exhaling into the water.

Games and entertainment on the water

Water games help solve a number of pedagogical problems. The game develops the child’s strong-willed qualities, feelings of camaraderie and collectivism. By developing and strengthening the body, it consolidates and improves swimming skills. By increasing the emotionality of the activity, the game is used as relaxation and entertainment. However, some negative points should also be noted. Carried away by the process of the game and trying to become winners, children stop monitoring the accuracy of the elements of swimming movements and perform them incorrectly. Repeated repetition of incorrect (from the point of view of swimming technique) movements can lead to them becoming habitual. Therefore, games used to reinforce any skill should be designed so that the correct execution of the movement is the main condition.

Simple plotless games are played mainly with beginners, so that they feel more confident in the water and learn how to move. When this goal is achieved, you can move on to a complex game with a plot and competitive elements.

The explanation of the rules of the game should be brief and figurative. If the movements are complex, then the story is accompanied by a demonstration. First you need to play the game on the shore, and only then in the water. You cannot remove individual participants from the game before it ends.

Swimming is a family affair

Swimming is an effective strengthening and healing tool for all family members, from the youngest to the oldest.

In water, a person finds peace and balance, stress and anxiety are absent, the number of family quarrels and scandals is significantly reduced.

By exercising in the water with children, you not only help them grow healthy, but also unobtrusively educate them, because... in the process of training such qualities as discipline, determination, and willpower are formed. But it is precisely these that children sometimes lack so much.

You will get to know your child better, learn to understand each other, and become more friendly.

So, do you want to be a healthy and friendly family?

Swim and teach your children to swim!

Swimming lessons in kindergarten

Before a lesson with children, you need to give a brief instruction on behavior in water: carefully monitor the physical education instructor and follow his instructions, under no circumstances run or make noise, and if you feel unwell, immediately report it.

The next stage: children must wash themselves in the shower so that dust and any other contaminants do not get into the pool. If necessary, teachers, instructor and nurse can help.

In order for your child to be allowed into the pool, you need to prepare the following things:

One-piece swimsuit for girls, swimming trunks for boys;
Long robe with hood;
Several towels;
Soap;
Swimming glasses;
Swimming cap and rubber shoes.

After each lesson, things must be taken home to be washed and dried.

The lesson begins with a short physical warm-up on land, during which children must warm up and warm up their muscles for further work in the water. This is a necessary stage, because if we immediately go into the water without warming up, we will not achieve the desired healing effect.

In the water of the pool, children follow the instructions of the instructor teaching any style of swimming, and immediately practice the acquired skills. After training, games begin, which children really like and bring a lot of positive emotions.

The final part of a swimming lesson in kindergarten is free swimming, when children simply frolic in the water, without any task.

Improving the health of preschool children through activities in the pool

A healthy lifestyle plays a huge role for a person, because health is an integral part of the entire life activity of an individual. Today, the problem of developing a culture of health is quite relevant, especially among preschool children, in connection with modern living conditions. Every year fewer and fewer healthy children are born. Maintaining the level of health of the country's population is hampered by the reform of the health care system, the implementation of preventive work at an insufficient level, and the low literacy of many parents on this issue. All of the above has pushed preschool education to search for effective methods and means of preserving, enhancing and raising the level of health culture of the younger generation [1].

One of the areas of health improvement and development in preschool children can be fully considered classes in the pool, with the help of which not only educational and educational tasks are solved (teach children to swim, develop the ability to behave in water, cultivate respect for water resources), but and such health-improving tasks as hardening the body and promoting health.

As part of self-education on the topic “Formation of healthy lifestyle skills and a culture of health in preschool children through the organization of recreational procedures in the pool,” in September 2015, a survey was conducted among the parents of pupils who entered the Municipal Budgetary Preschool Educational Institution “Kindergarten No. 42 “Korablik” in the city. Yoshkar-Ola". The questionnaire was compiled to find out the attitude of parents towards the presence of a swimming pool in a kindergarten and regular activities in it. 28 parents took part in the survey.

According to the survey results, 46% of parents noted that their child has a fear of water, namely, children are afraid to do exercises in the pool that involve getting water in the face; lowering your face into the water, holding your breath; with taking an unsupported position in the water. Such children try by all means to avoid visiting the pool, coming up with various reasons and excuses not to go to classes. It is worth noting that any fears, including the fear of water, have a negative impact on the child’s health.

It was also found that for 43% of parents (12 people) the presence of a swimming pool in a preschool organization is indifferent. According to these parents, activities in the pool do not have a special effect on the child’s body, and their child already knows how to swim. Two parents (7%) expressed a negative attitude towards the pool. The remaining 14 parents (which made up 50% of the total number of respondents) had a positive attitude towards the presence of a functioning swimming pool in the kindergarten. In the first year of attending kindergarten, children were adapting, and therefore a small number of children (50–61% of children) were present at the lessons in the pool.

In May 2021, a repeat survey of parents was conducted. The following questions were added to the questionnaire:

− “Have you noticed any improvements in your child’s health over the course of the year?”

− “Are these improvements related to visiting the pool in the kindergarten?”

The results of the repeated survey showed the following:

− parents who have a positive attitude towards the presence of a swimming pool in kindergarten and regular activities in it increased by 11%; there are no parents left who have a negative attitude towards the pool; the remaining 49% of parents still showed a neutral attitude on this issue;

− 29% of parents noticed improvements in their child’s health, but only half of them associated these improvements with regular visits to the pool in kindergarten.

The group contains children with absolute attendance (14% of the total number of children in the group). According to the results of observations and conversations with parents, these children do not have any significant improvements in their health, and therefore their parents are neutral about the presence of a swimming pool in the kindergarten and activities in it.

In the 2016-2017 school year, pool attendance increased to 79%. It was noticed: if in the younger group about half of the children were afraid of water and, in connection with this, were afraid of classes in the pool and did not want to attend it, then already in the middle group the children began to go to classes with pleasure, some even looked forward to the next visits to the pool. In May 2021, a survey of parents was again conducted, the results of which revealed the following:

− parents with a positive attitude towards regular swimming pool activities increased by 13%, which ultimately amounted to 64% (18 parents);

− half of the families noticed improvements in their child’s health, more than half of them (57%) attribute this to regular visits to the pool in kindergarten. In addition, parents noted that their children had a positive attitude towards swimming pool activities.

During the period of pupils’ stay in kindergarten (2015–2016 and 2016–2017 academic years), the following activities were carried out with the children:

− conversations about the benefits of water for the human body,

− games-experiments with water,

− healthy lifestyle classes,

− didactic games;

− screenings of thematic animated films were organized.

In addition, active work was carried out with the parents of the students:

− thematic consultations “The swimming pool and its benefits”, “How to cope with the fear of water”;

− round table “The influence of swimming pool activities on the health of a preschool child”,

− parent meeting “Hardening the child’s body: sun, air and water”,

− visualization in order to provide the necessary information about the benefits of hardening procedures for the child’s body and the effectiveness of regular attendance at classes in the pool.

Thus, visiting the pool contributed to the formation of a healthy lifestyle among preschoolers and increased their culture of health; The results of observations of children, conversations and questioning of parents showed positive dynamics in improving the health of pupils through regular exercises in the pool. It was also noted that many children overcame their fear of water, began to experience the joy of swimming in the pool and showed their positive attitude towards swimming in the pool within the family.

In addition to observations of children, interviews and questioning of parents, a comparative analysis of pupils’ non-attendance at kindergarten due to illness was carried out. For comparative analysis, data from two middle groups (30 pupils each) were taken: MBDOU “Kindergarten No. 42 “Korablik” and MBDOU “Kindergarten No. 17 “Ivushka” in Yoshkar-Ola. Parents of pupils in kindergarten No. 17 were also interviewed, during which it was found that not a single child visited the pool.

The results of a comparative analysis of kindergarten non-attendance by pupils due to morbidity are presented in Figure 1.

Rice. 1. Number of children who missed kindergarten due to illness (%)

According to Figure 1, the number of absences among children attending kindergarten No. 42 is lower by 8–18% compared to data from kindergarten No. 17: by 8% in September, December and May; by 9% in October, November and February; by 10% in January; by 11% in March; by 18% in April.

Thus, according to the above data, we can conclude that children who regularly attend classes in the pool get sick less often compared to students attending a kindergarten without a pool. In addition to the relatively low morbidity rate, preschoolers who attend classes in the pool quickly develop motor skills; Initial swimming skills are formed that last a lifetime.

Regular attendance in the pool has a positive effect on the child’s body:

− strengthens the immune and central nervous systems, the musculoskeletal system;

− the state of the cardiovascular system improves;

− the mechanism of thermoregulation is improved;

− posture disorders are prevented; the overall tone of the body, overall endurance and physical performance increase;

− courage, determination, determination, perseverance develops [1, 2].

Summarizing the above, we can conclude that swimming pool activities are of utmost importance in the health of preschool children. In this case, not only working with the children's team, but also with the parents of the students plays a big role. It is important to convey to parents information about how necessary water procedures are for the health of preschoolers; that swimming pool activities only contribute to the improvement and strengthening of the health of preschool children, and are not a cause of illness. Parents should fully understand the importance of swimming in the pool, the benefits of swimming for the prevention and treatment of various postural disorders in children, such as scoliosis and kyphosis, and polio. This can be facilitated by:

− inviting parents to classes in the pool;

− consultations with medical personnel of a preschool institution;

− demonstration of scientific films;

− statistics of morbidity among preschool children who attend and do not attend classes in the pool;

− individual conversations and thematic parent meetings. It is then that parents will become allies in improving the health of preschoolers through activities in the pool, helping their children cope with the fear of water, introducing them to a healthy lifestyle through activities in the pool, and improving the culture of health in preschoolers.

It is necessary to create the necessary conditions to attract all pupils to classes in the pool, because each child should receive certain swimming skills and the effect of hardening activities.

The trinity (educators - children - parents) will give a positive result in developing a healthy lifestyle and culture of health in preschoolers; in overcoming the child’s fear of water and depth, self-doubt; in improving the health of the child’s body.

Literature:

Singur M. E. Efficiency of using methods for organizing recreational swimming classes with frequently ill children of senior preschool age / M. E. Singur // Scientific notes of the P. F. Lesgaft University. — 2021. — No. 1 (131). — P.213–216.
Toktaeva T. E. Be healthy, preschooler. Physical development program for children 3–7 years old / T. E. Toktaeva. - M.: Sfera, 2021. - 112 p.

Children's safety in the pool

A physical education instructor, a nurse and, in some cases, educators closely monitor the physical education instructor to ensure that nothing happens to the children during the lesson.

Since children must take a shower before going to the pool, the cabins must be equipped with anti-slip mats, which makes it completely safe for children to stay there.

Some groups practice a technique such as using inflatable arm sleeves, this will make it much easier and safer for children to float on the water.

It is imperative to explain to children that they cannot run near the pool, as they can slip and fall. The tiles that line the pool are also dangerous; they can cause cuts, for example, if children jump from the sides of the pool into the water without using a ladder. You need to talk to your children about all the dangers, which will help protect them from possible injuries.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Experience in teaching children to swim in a preschool department

Physical education instructor at BOU School 1150 named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky Elena Aleksandrovna Golub

PURPOSE: to systematize the experience of teaching swimming to children in a kindergarten.

TASKS:

summarize the experience of teaching swimming to children of primary preschool age;
show the feasibility of using elements of the simultaneous method when working with children of primary preschool age;
introduce the techniques and methods I use in my work.

The formation of swimming skills is provided for in the program from the 2nd junior group. But in the fourth year of life, the child is little adapted to organized activities. In this regard, in order to achieve the correct and successful implementation of the necessary exercises and commands, you need to make the classes interesting and evoke in the child a conscious desire to complete the task. Experience shows that this is possible if you turn a swimming lesson into a game and use simple and accessible exercises.

It is quite difficult for children to adapt to the conditions of kindergarten; often “separation from mother” causes stress in children. My observations show that children adapt better, faster, and less painfully to new living conditions if, from the very first days of visiting a child care facility, they have the opportunity to swim, play and splash in the pool.

In the methodological literature on teaching swimming, methods and recommendations for classes with children of older and preparatory age for school are widely discussed, and, in my opinion, very little attention is paid to working with children. But the largest percentage of accidents on water occurs between 6 and 10 years of age, when the child actively strives to demonstrate independence. Therefore, it is desirable that by the age of 6, as many children as possible have mastered swimming skills.

If you use a simultaneous teaching method when working with children of the second junior group and the middle group of kindergarten, the process of mastering swimming skills will be more effective.

It can be assumed that the earlier the learning process begins, the more opportunities there are to educate the majority of children, taking into account individual development data, physical fitness and health status.

This opens up good prospects for systematic swimming lessons in the future, for sports swimming, and also reduces the likelihood of accidents on the water.

I assume that if you use elements of a simultaneous method when teaching in the second junior group, then children will quickly adapt to the water and master swimming skills than if they start learning using the classical method.

The widely presented methodological literature on teaching swimming mainly covers in detail materials on working with children of the senior and preparatory groups, since the classically favorable optimal age for starting swimming lessons is considered to be the age of 7-8 years (due to the organizational readiness of children for this period). The relevance of this article is that there is a need to systematize my experience of working with younger children, i.e. with children aged 3-5 years, which is based on the widespread use of elements of the simultaneous technique developed by T.A. Protchenko and Yu.A. Semenov.

The work was carried out in a kindergarten, where there is a 3x7m pool with a depth of 0.7 m. Four groups worked in the preschool department, of which two groups were the second youngest, one middle group, one senior and one preparatory. Classes were held twice a week for 15 minutes in the second younger group; 20 minutes in the middle group and 25 minutes in the senior group, 30 minutes in the preparatory group.

Due to the fact that kindergartens are mostly attended by children of primary preschool age, there was a need to pay special attention to working with children of this particular age group and systematize their work experience.

In the preschool department, physical education classes were held in all age groups of the kindergarten, as well as individual lessons with weakened children and additional classes in preparation for the “I can swim!” .

The average attendance at kindergarten classes is 70% (taking into account children who are sick and temporarily exempt from swimming lessons).

If quarantine is not declared, children have the opportunity to attend 72 classes throughout the year. Taking into account quarantines, on average, kindergartens conduct approximately 60 classes per year.

To facilitate the learning process, the pool has swimming boards, balls, fins, aqua sticks, sinking and floating toys. To help the teacher, there is a “Lifeguard Corner” and literature on methods of conducting practical swimming lessons with children of all ages, as well as literature on teaching sports swimming techniques.

Mastering swimming techniques involves the use of preparatory and lead-in exercises, including on land. New movements of the arms, legs, breathing and their coordination are performed first on the side, and then transferred to the water. Until recently, these exercises were carried out by me in swimming lessons, taking up up to 15% of the lesson time. Now I have transferred the preparatory exercises to physical education classes, including them in the preparatory part of the lesson and in the outdoor gear, thereby increasing the time the children spend in the water.

After children have mastered inhaling and exhaling into the water, sliding on the chest and back, we move on to learning the movements of the arms and legs, as when swimming crawl. Training began with mastering the “crawl” on the chest and back. But not everyone succeeded in doing this. By the end of the school year, only 50% of the children being trained could swim 14 meters or more without stepping on the bottom and without aids.

Many children tried to perform their voluntary movements with their hands, choosing their breathing as convenient for them, and at the same time remained on the water longer in an unsupported state. Thus, it turned out that the “crawl” is not a favorite and convenient way for all children.

Starting next year, after mastering breathing exercises and gliding techniques, I decided to teach the children the movements of the arms and legs, as when swimming in the crawl , breaststroke , and dolphin at the same time. Unlearning was carried out in several physical education classes. Further, in the water, the children were asked to swim “as far as you can” , working with arms “breaststroke” , legs “crawl” , arms “crawl without arm extension” , legs “crawl” , “breaststroke” or “dolphin”, etc. The most A convenient option, as it turned out, was – arms “breaststroke” – legs “crawl” and arms “crawl without arm extension” – legs “crawl” . At the same time, many children quickly learned to combine swimming movements with inhaling and exhaling into the water. Subsequently, I began to work, combining the classical method (in the initial and last classes) with the simultaneous one (in the middle of training). By the end of the school year, 85% of senior preschool children swam more than 15 meters in any convenient way. 50% of children in the preparatory group swam 25 meters, which was confirmed by the “I Can Swim!” held in the Orbita (Zelenograd) in deep water, where the team of our kindergarten took first place and represented Zelenograd at the water sports festival at the Olimpiysky (Moscow), participating in all nominations.

During the last 6-8 lessons before the competition, the children, who were confident in the water, quickly mastered the basics of the sports swimming methods “crawl” , “breaststroke” , “dolphin” .

In children of the junior and second middle groups, the skills and abilities of movements in water acquired at an earlier age (nursery group) are consolidated.

It must be taken into account that the smaller the child, the more imaginative his thinking is. Therefore, I conduct all classes with children in an imitation form. In order for the child to understand the essence of the task, he must imagine an image - “frog” , “fountain” , “rain”, etc.

Since the beginning of the school year, in physical education classes we have been learning hand movements like when swimming: “breaststroke” - “frog” , “crawl” - “mill” , “freestyle crawl” - “doggy” ; legs – “frog” , “scissors” . During swimming lessons, children quickly remember these movements and try to perform them in the water, resting their feet on the bottom or holding on to the side, or with a support device (board, ball).

The kids’ first activity is an excursion to the pool, learning the rules they must follow. It is very good if some fairy-tale hero (an adult kindergarten employee in disguise) meets the children in the locker room and tells them about these rules, shows them the showers, explains why this is necessary, and then leads them to the pool premises. Then the children of the preparatory group show the kids their ability to swim and play on the water. Demonstration of this should make children want to get into the water, splash around and play in it with other children.

Classes for children are conducted according to the following scheme.

In the preparatory part of the lesson, children perform “rain” (sitting on the side, lower their feet into the water, move their legs up and down - make “rain” ). Then, going down into the water and holding the side with your hand, walk along the perimeter of the pool in both directions.

Next, we move on to a breathing exercise and immersing the face in water. Here I make extensive use of floating toys. Exercises such as “blow on a boat” , “make the wind” , “ducks” - quite quickly help children remember or learn how to inhale and exhale into the water.

In the main part of the lesson, holding the side or board with your hands, we perform leg movements using the crawl , breaststroke, scissors , and frog . We gradually learn to perform these exercises with the face immersed in water. From the first lessons we move around the pool, performing movements with our arms, as when swimming in the “breaststroke” - “frog” , in the “crawl” - “mill” . I achieve this exercise by immersing my face in water.

When children begin to fearlessly lift their feet from the bottom and lower their faces into the water, i.e. Having mastered all the previous stages, we move on to learning how to slide – “arrow” .

At the next stage, children are invited to work with their legs and arms in different combinations, performing movements of the arms and legs that imitate “frog” , “mill” , “scissors” , “tail” (legs “dolphin” ) and at the same time swim “to the other shore” . Experience shows that children in the 2nd ml. The group completes the task with pleasure. The classes arouse interest and at the end of the school year, 30% of children can stay on the water without support up to 5-7 meters in the second youngest group and 60% on average.

The following is a summary of lesson No. 2 in the 2nd ml. group during the adaptation period.

“Working with children of primary preschool age in the pool during the period of adaptation to a preschool institution” (lesson notes).

Goal: learn to move independently around the pool, develop a fearless attitude towards water, and develop coordination of movements.

Progress of the lesson:

Children go into the pool. Goldfish run in (children of senior preschool age):

Hello guys!

We are goldfish that have swum to your pool. We want to show everyone what we have been taught.

Children sit on a bench. Goldfish show free dance and music with elements of sports and synchronized swimming.

Educator:

- Goldfish, what do you need to do in order to learn to swim like that?

Fish:

- You need to do a warm-up.

Children, together with the fish, perform a set of preparatory exercises to the music.

Educator:

-Let's see, guys, how good the water is in our pool.

Exercises performed:

Exercise "Rain"

Sitting on the side, work as yogis in the water as when swimming “crawl”

Children go into the water

Exercise “We wash ourselves”

Exercise "Travelers"

Walking along the bottom of the pool, holding the side of the pool alternately with your right and left hands

Exercise “Wind on the Sea”

In a circle, holding hands, blow on the water.

Exercise "Bubbles"

Exercise

Holding the side with your hands:

jump up
work with your legs like when swimming "crawl"

Game exercise “Boat”

Game exercise with the ball “Dolphin”

Exercise

Throw the ball forward from behind your head, catch up, “swim” to the side, holding onto the ball with your hands.

Game exercise “Transport the toy to the other side”

Game exercise “Fishermen”

Educator: - Well done guys, they played well. Did you like it with us? Then

come again. Now it’s time for you to get dressed and go to the group.

In the middle group, most children, except for newcomers and those who missed a lot of classes in the past year, are already well adapted and easily perform sliding and “torpedo” (arms “shooter” - legs “crawl” ). They can easily swim 15-25 meters with a board, exhaling into the water.

In parallel with improving and consolidating these exercises, we begin to learn how to swim in full coordination. Children get acquainted with the methods - “crawl” , “dolphin” , “back crawl” .

During the learning process I use aids - boards and caresses. To achieve the correct position of the body and head, I offer children tasks involving swimming through a hoop and under a tight rope.

Those for whom swimming in a sportive manner causes severe difficulties continue to master swimming “in their own” way using a simultaneous method.

3-4 times before competitions, with the voluntary desire of parents, on Sundays, I practice with children in “big” water in the MIET pool. Those who swim 2-3 laps in kindergarten without stepping to the bottom (28-42 m), often already in the first lesson in deep water can easily swim 25 meters in their “favorite” way. To overcome the fear of deep water, jumping “dismount” into the water with your feet down like a “soldier” , because the use of training jumps into water greatly facilitates and speeds up the process of adaptation to water, and training is more emotional. The child can be allowed to make the first jumps while holding the pole with his hands. First, children swim 25 meters from a deep place to a shallow place with a board in their hands 2-3 times. Then, without a board, next to me, one by one, we try to swim 25 meters. As a rule, everyone who swims well in the small kindergarten pool by the third lesson easily and without fear swims 25 meters on their own.

Our team takes part in the festival “I can swim!” annually. We fully comply with all the conditions of the competition program, i.e. swimming 25 meters in deep water, showing four swimming methods in turn, 2-4 children swim 50 meters freestyle. Each of the last 5 years the team has become a finalist in the Zelenograd stage of the water sports festival “I can swim!”

Swimming lessons are successfully implemented according to T.A. Protchenko, i.e. At the same time, training from all the constituent elements identifies the main ones, the mastery of which contributes to rapid learning as a whole and the formation of a more durable swimming skill. These are the movements of the arms in combination with breathing when swimming “front crawl” , the movement of the legs when swimming “breaststroke” , the movement of the body in combination with the movement of the legs when swimming “dolphin” . Then the remaining movements are mastered.

When conducting swimming lessons, it is necessary to help enrich the motor experience acquired in physical education classes, walks and satisfy the natural need of children for movement. This is one of the tasks. In an effort to achieve this, it is necessary to take into account the level of development of each child and his individual abilities. For each lesson, appropriate preparation of the room (ventilation, sanitary treatment), rational distribution of the material necessary for the lesson is necessary.

You can use the following techniques to teach basic motor skills with preschool-aged children:

Method of providing assistance when performing a movement. (The main technique for developing skills in young children). It is especially effective when combined with verbal instructions and explanations.
Speech instructions: most often in combination with demonstration, game techniques, in the form of a specific task. For example: “bring the ball” , “collect the fish in the basket” , etc.
Introducing a toy: increases the emotional intensity of the activity.

SPORTS HOLIDAYS

A holiday is a spectacular form of active recreation for children. A source of joy, fun and beauty. At the same time, during the holiday, the child’s ability to demonstrate his physical qualities in unusual conditions and game situations and to mobilize his strength in competitions is revealed.

Holidays have an effective influence on the formation of a child's personality. Joint activities with peers, achieving good results as a team, overcoming difficulties, unite the team, and give children a sense of responsibility. Children learn to empathize with the successes and failures of their comrades, rejoice at their achievements, and maintain good friendly relations with each other. The child develops a desire to achieve not only high individual, but also collective success.

Every year, the pool hosts sports and game events “Neptune’s Festival” and “I am a Water One!” , in which children of older groups take part, and children are present as spectators.

For younger groups, leisure activities on the water are regularly held.

The scenario for the holiday “Neptune's Holiday” is given below.

Neptune Festival

(Fun starts on the water).

SCENARIO

THE HOST opens the holiday:

- Guys, today we gathered in our pool to check how dexterous, strong and fast we have become this year, how we have become friends with water, how we have learned to swim. Today we are holding a fun sports festival on the water - “Fun Starts on the Water” .

2 teams: team 7 gr. - "Karasiki"

team 11 gr. — “Waves”

There will be 4 relay races. But what would a sports festival be without the ruler of the seas and oceans, “Neptune” !

To the music (Saint-Saens, "March of the Lion" ) Neptune enters and leads the Little Mermaid by the hand. Approaches the throne. They say hello.

NEPTUNE:

I am the proud ruler of the seas of Pisces, the ruler of dolphins, My palace is at the bottom of the sea All strewn with amber.

I came to your kindergarten, To see all the children, To find out who likes to swim, To watch your tournament

And these sea beads (shows beads) for everyone to wear for victory. And with me from the bottom of the sea is a flock of golden fish

I hastened to come to you for the holiday. Now you will see them!

Little Mermaid, call the goldfish!

THE LITTLE MERMAID: - Hey, goldfish, swim here quickly.

Show us the dance

Have fun guys!

Goldfish run in to the music and dance on land and in water.

(Elements of synchronized swimming).

NEPTUNE: - These are the beautiful fish that live with me, and they are friends with the Little Mermaid! And now I want to see how you swim. I'm not used to waiting for a long time, I order the tournament to begin!

HOST: starts the competition.

5 participants in each relay. The judge evaluates the winners and records the results in the protocol.

Relay races: 1 - holding the board with your hands, swim along the pool and, returning to the starting position, send the next comrade.

2 - swim with 2 balls along the pool and, returning back, send your friend, passing the balls to him.

3 - “Who is faster” . Swim along the pool, diving 2 times under a rope stretched across the pool, and returning back, send your friend with a hand-to-hand touch .

4 - “Pearl Fishers” . Which team will collect more items from the bottom of the pool.

HOST: - Dear Neptune! Our tournament is over, now the judges will sum up the results, and you can award the winners!

NEPTUNE: - I watched how your athletes swim, and now I want to see how all the guys swim.

Well, guys!

Jump into the water quickly! And swim more fun! I will muddy the waters and catch all the cowards!

To drag down to the bottom of the sea Those who quarrel with the water!

Children jump into the pool and swim. Neptune walks around and tries to touch each child with his trident staff. Children hide from him and plunge headlong into the water.

Free swimming and playing with Neptune are accompanied by cheerful music. The music stops, the children come out of the water.

HOST: - Now let’s listen to what our judges have to say and hold an award ceremony.

The Little Mermaid and Neptune hang medals for the winning team members separately in each relay race. The Little Mermaid and Neptune hang sea beads to all competition participants and guests of the holiday and give juice to the children.

NEPTUNE: - Well done, guys! I see that you all love water and many of you are good swimmers!

And now it’s time to say goodbye, The earthly air is heavy for me! I wish you to smile and be friends with any water!

I’m going to my mermaids in the depths of the sea, But don’t be upset, I’ll come to you in a year!

Music is playing. Neptune and the Little Mermaid leave.

The host announces the end of the holiday.

Sports festivals are not only about competitions. The close connection with other activities is clearly visible here. Musical classes help in composing choreographic compositions on the board and exercises with elements of synchronized swimming in the water, which children are happy to demonstrate to the audience. Reciting poetry promotes speech development, and counting objects in various games and competitions is closely related to mathematics. Preparing costumes and decorating the pool for the holiday contributes to the development of the child’s artistic taste.

CONCLUSION

It is well known that swimming promotes health, physical development and hardening of children. Bathing, swimming, games and entertainment on the water are one of the most useful types of physical exercise; they contribute to the health of children and strengthen their nervous system. Therefore, the sooner you accustom a child to water, the more fully the positive impact of swimming will have on the development of the entire child’s body.

Swimming lessons have a beneficial effect not only on the physical condition of the child, but also develops mental abilities and coordination of movements. The earlier a child starts swimming, the more successfully he will develop in the future. My work experience shows that when organizing classes with children, the non-traditional method of simultaneous learning turned out to be very effective, which helped make classes more interesting and the exercises offered to children more accessible. As a result, it became easier for children to learn to swim, and the level of swimming readiness increased.

LITERATURE:

Moscow Committee of Education. "Swimming. Curriculum for children from 2 to 7 years old" - M., 1999.
Semenov Yu. A. “Swimming course for beginners in all age groups” - M., 2000.
Osokina T.I., Timofeeva E.A., Bogina T.L. “Teaching swimming in kindergarten” - M., 1991.
Moscow Committee of Education “Features of teaching swimming to children of preschool and younger ages” - M., 1998.
Osokina T.I. “How to teach children to swim” - M., 1985.
Semenov Yu.A. “Swimming skill for everyone” - M., 1983.
Maslov V. “Everyone should be able to swim” - M., 1972.
Bulgakova N.Zh. “Swimming” - M., 1984.
Scientific Research Institute of Preschool Education of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of the USSR “Methodological recommendations for organizing swimming training for preschool children” - M., 1985.
Runova M.A. “Motor activity of a child in kindergarten” - M., 2004.
Telenchi V.I. “Hygienic principles of raising children from 3 to 7 years old” - M., 1987.

APPENDIX No. 1

Children's test results

Next >

Infrared cabin after swimming

In some children's institutions, after the pool and shower, children are invited to warm up in the infrared sauna to avoid colds.

Is this the same as an infrared sauna? Most often, the cabin is made of natural wood and heating elements located around the entire perimeter, which allows for uniform heating, and to operate the sauna you only need a standard 220-volt outlet, which allows you to install this unit in any kindergarten. The temperature in the cabin is quite normal: 38-45 degrees, while in a regular bath or sauna it can reach up to 110, which is rather dangerous to health.

In winter, visiting an infrared sauna is especially useful for children, as it is equivalent to a full stay under the summer sun. The climate inside the cabin eliminates hot air, so children can breathe comfortably. Infrared waves warm the bodies of kindergarten visitors much better than the heat of a regular bath or sauna, where the air is quite heavy.

Also, an undoubted advantage of the infrared cabin is its ability to remove lactic acid from the muscles, which occurs after training. Of course, swimming lessons cannot be so intense that they cause muscle pain, but warming up is good for children anyway.

Equipment for the lesson

To make water activities in kindergarten productive and exciting for children, some sports and play materials are used:

Foam strips;
Balls;
Ride-on toys;
Diving toys;
Inflatable rings.

Foam planks are used when learning to swim: for example, you need to hold the bar with your feet and stay afloat only with the help of your hands, or vice versa, make active movements with your legs while holding the foam with your hands. The purpose of this sports equipment in kindergarten classes is more educational than entertaining, but you can make the process more fun for children if you present the task as a game or use colored strips.

With the help of inflatable balls, you can perform many physical exercises and even games in the water, for example, children will love volleyball in the pool or a relay race where they exchange balls for speed.

Ride-on toys are suitable for little ones and those who don’t know how to swim yet. This equipment is an inflatable figurine of an animal or even a vehicle with a seating recess, in which holes are made for the legs and, thus, the child is held securely inside.

As the name suggests, diving toys are used to teach this very process. To make it interesting and not scary for your child to be under water, you can give him simple tasks, for example, touching a toy attached to the floor of the pool or picking it up. The most common and popular variety is toy algae. With their help, you can not only teach your child how to dive, but also give the pool a more picturesque look.

The function of the inflatable ring is to keep the child on the surface of the water. They are used for the very first lessons, when you are just getting acquainted with swimming.

Swimming in kindergarten.

Swimming is one of the most important links in raising a child - it promotes comprehensive physical development, stimulates the activity of the nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and significantly expands the capabilities of the musculoskeletal system.
It is one of the best means of hardening and forming correct posture. Swimming is a powerful emotional and positive factor that allows you to solve important problems. Helps correct poor posture, prevents flat feet, helps relieve muscle tone, develops coordination, rhythmic movement, and increases the body's motor capabilities. Systematic exercises in the pool improve the functioning of the circulatory and respiratory organs. Has a powerful hardening effect.

During the classes, tasks on forming are solved:

swimming skills;
taking care of your health;
personal hygiene skills;
the ability to control your body in an unusual environment.

What effect does swimming have on a child’s body?

Organization of swimming lessons in kindergarten.

Swimming training at the preschool educational institution is conducted for each group 2 times a week.

the younger group studies for 15-20 minutes;
middle group – 20 -25 minutes;
senior group – 25 minutes-30 minutes.
preparatory group – 30 -35 minutes.

The training consists of three stages:

getting used to water;
water development;
mastering swimming movements.

In our kindergarten, swimming is given great importance. This work is carried out by a swimming instructor.

About the importance of swimming for a child’s body.

GUIDELINES.

Objectives of swimming training by age group.

Second youngest.

Teach children not to be afraid to enter the water, teach them to splash in it.
Teach how to move in the water along the bottom of the pool in different ways at different depths.
Learn to dive into water and open your eyes in it. Learn to hold your breath underwater, dive. Learn to exhale into water while immersing yourself up to your nose. and with immersion of the face and head.
Learn to lie on the water (on your chest), holding the handrail with your hands, holding the teacher’s hands with support. Learn to lie down on your own.
Learn to perform chest slides with auxiliary equipment.

When teaching swimming to young children, much attention is paid to the initial stage of developing the correct skills.

Learning each swimming exercise (movement) requires a certain readiness from the child, so it comes down to play.

Middle group

Learn to move independently in the water in different directions, in different ways.
Learn to dive into water, hold your breath, dive under a toy. Learn to dive and collect objects from the bottom of the pool.
Learn to exhale into the water while immersing your face and head.
Learn to lie on the water with the support of a teacher and independently.
Learn to glide on the surface of the water on your chest and back with the help of an adult and with auxiliary equipment.
Learn to perform movements with your legs and arms on land and in water as when swimming crawl.
Develop physical qualities: strength, endurance, speed.

Senior group.

Learn to immerse yourself in water for longer periods of time.
Learn to exhale into the water (alternate inhaling over the water with exhaling into the water).
Learn to slide. On your chest on your back, pushing off with your feet from the bottom and walls of the pool.
Learn to slide in combination with exhaling into the water.
Teach coordination movements with your feet in the water, leaning on your hands, lying on your back and chest.
Teach leg movements in sliding on the chest, on the back (like a crawl) with and without a movable support (boards).
Training in coordination abilities in water. teach arm movements in swimming on the front and back.

Classes in the senior group include: exercises and games for the development of hands, breathing exercises, exercises for special training, games for mastering sliding skills, relay race games.

Preparatory group.

Learn to lie in water on your back and chest for a long time.
Learn to slide in water on your chest, on your back in combination with movements of your legs and arms.
Learn to dive into the water.
Teaching easier swimming methods with footwork and supporting stroke movements of the arms (on the back, on the chest).
Development and improvement of coordination abilities in water, learning combinations of movements with arms and legs while holding the breath and exhaling into the water.

Games and entertainment on the water

Swimming is a family affair

Swimming is an effective strengthening and healing tool for all family members, from the youngest to the oldest.

In water, a person finds peace and balance, stress and anxiety are absent, the number of family quarrels and scandals is significantly reduced.

You will get to know your child better, learn to understand each other, and become more friendly.

So, do you want to be a healthy and friendly family?

Swim and teach your children to swim!