Developing construction skills at an early age

Construction in an early age group

Pedagogical monitoring is carried out in order to determine the dynamics of the child’s current individual development profile and is used to solve the following problems: • individualization of education (including supporting the child, building his educational trajectory or professional correction of his developmental characteristics); • optimization of work with a group of children. Pedagogical monitoring is based on the principles of supporting the specificity and diversity of childhood, as well as the uniqueness and intrinsic value of childhood as an important stage in the overall development of a person. In this regard, pedagogical monitoring: - does not contain any assessments of the child’s development related to recording educational achievements; — allows you to record the current individual development profile of a preschooler and evaluate its dynamics; — takes into account the child’s zone of proximal development in each direction; — allows us to consider the entire period of a child’s development from birth to school as a single process without conditional division into different age stages “tied” to the passport age, while taking into account age-related patterns of development, based on an assessment of changes in the activity of a preschooler; — takes into account the targets presented in the Program, but does not use them as the basis for their formal comparison with the actual achievements of children. Tools for pedagogical monitoring of child development - observation cards and an electronic application that will allow teachers to analyze the dynamics of child development. Where calculations are carried out using a certain formula. The results obtained are expressed as percentages and determine the so-called success rate of each child. At the beginning of the school year, based on the results of monitoring, the zone of educational needs of each student is determined: a high level corresponds to a zone of increased educational needs, a medium level corresponds to a zone of basic educational needs, and a low and low level corresponds to a risk zone. Accordingly, planning of the educational process is carried out based on the integration of educational areas, taking into account individualization. At the end of the school year, conclusions are drawn about the degree to which the educational needs of children are met and about the achievement of positive dynamics in the educational needs themselves. Principles of assessment - three-level monitoring system - 2 points “quality manifests itself sustainably”, 1 point “quality manifests itself unsustainably”, i.e. is in the zone of proximal development and is manifested only in joint activities with an adult, 0 point - “quality is not manifested.” In some cases (if necessary), psychological diagnostics of children can be carried out. It is carried out by qualified specialists (for example, educational psychologists) and only with the consent of the parents (legal representatives) of the children. The information obtained during monitoring is the basis for predicting activity, making the necessary correction, and a tool for notifying parents about the condition and problems identified in the child. Diagnostic card: Type of activity: Construction

Lego Duplo and its analogues (Ozon, My-shop)

Lego needs no introduction; it is a constructor that has been tested by time and millions of children around the world. From the age of 2, a child will be interested in building paths, fences, houses, collars, chairs, tables, as well as some simple decorations that may be needed for role-playing games. It must be said that the animals and people included in Lego sets greatly increase a child’s interest in the game and motivate them to build this or that building. For example, one of our favorite buildings is an animal zoo. First we build fences, then we organize a game with the sale of tickets and visits to animals.

True, when buying a role-playing set with animals and other figures, you need to be more careful. Very often, sets are made in such a way that they limit the child’s imagination to only one version of the game, and also contain ready-made elements that can be used in one single way. Thus, the presence of ready-made roofs, walls, tables, chairs in the set deprives the child of the opportunity to dream up and figure out how to make the same thing from a construction set himself. Therefore, try to buy construction sets that contain many universal elements and as few ready-made solutions as possible.

If you want a construction set with even larger parts than Lego Duplo, then you can choose, for example, the Mega Blocks construction set (Ozon, MyToys). But generally speaking, all Lego analogues are noticeably inferior to the original in terms of precision of parts and quality of plastic.

Constructor “Animals” (Ozon, My-shop)

A very good designer, it has been our “hit” for a long time. The constructor includes many options for paws, heads, torsos, and tails, allowing you to assemble a wide variety of animals. You can collect both animals in their classic form and funny hybrids. This is the only way fantasy develops. And at the same time, the idea of ​​animals and their body parts is consolidated.

We have a “beast constructor” from Edushape, it is made of soft foam material, somewhat similar to polystyrene foam, the parts are not connected to each other in any way. Perhaps this will seem like a minus to some, but on the contrary, I really liked the fact that while assembling it, my daughter learned to find balance, tried to place the parts carefully so that they would not fall.

Here is an example of a similar wooden construction set from Djeco.

Lego also has a similar animal constructor: Ozon, My-shop, MyToys.

"Machine"

Goal: to introduce a new part - a plate, to teach how to build a car based on a model, to form an idea of ​​a car as a vehicle.

Material: a set of building materials, nesting dolls.

Class.

Invite your child to carefully look at the details of the building material. Ask: “Does the plate look like a cube or a brick?”

Place a cube and a brick next to the plate. Let the child compare them with each other and summarize.

Expand your awareness of the world around you.

According to the plot, build many houses along the road, depicting a street. Ask your child: “What is driving down the street? How does Masha cross the road?

Offer to build a car. To do this, a cube is placed on a brick - a car cabin.

Let your child repeat your actions and build their own cars of different colors.

Make it more difficult. Offer to build a bus.

To do this, cubes are placed on a long plate at a certain distance from each other, leaving space for windows.

The top is covered with another plate, representing the roof of a bus. Ready!

Put the nesting dolls in the car or bus and let's go. Simulate the sounds of traffic.

"On a boat"

Goal: to teach how to build a boat from different parts, distinguishing them by shape, color, size, enriching the vocabulary with new words.

Material: a set of building materials, matryoshka dolls - large and small.

Class.

According to the plot, Masha wants to ride a boat. Invite your child to build a boat for her.

Take two plates and place them parallel to each other. Ask your child to hold up the prism - this will be the bow of the ship.

During the game, ask questions about the colors of the parts that are used in the construction of the boat.

Cover the back of the vessel with a brick, and place another one in the center for the bench on which Masha will sit.

Demonstrate a matryoshka doll rolling on water.

Masha has a friend, a little nesting doll, who also wants to ride a boat.

Invite your child to build a boat for her himself.

Constructor “Zolo” (Ozon, My-shop)

A completely unusual construction set with oddly shaped parts and a non-standard principle of connecting parts. Such a construction set is not needed at all to build houses or fences; this construction set is needed to excite children’s imagination and create unusual shapes. You can build the most incredible creatures from it (perhaps yours will be weirdos or aliens). The creation process is very exciting, you can laugh heartily, giving free rein to your imagination. Well, when the creatures of alien origin are ready, you can come up with funny names for them like five-legged, big-eyed or bubuzyaki.

I think the most valuable thing about this construction set is that it helps a child learn to think outside the box: after all, it is absolutely not necessary for an unknown alien to have two eyes and two legs, and why does he need a torso at all and why does his nose have to be on his head? In general, we fantasize. Perhaps someone will consider this designer crazy, but it is my favorite.

I really hope that the Zolo construction set will appear in stores again, because it simply has no analogues. The Ogobild construction kit is somewhat similar to it, but with it, it seems to me, it’s better to fantasize about inanimate, technical topics. And it is much more difficult to fasten parts in Ogobild, so it is more suitable for children after 3-4 years.

3. Road (Ozon, My-shop, MyToys)

There is an opinion that girls always play with dolls, and boys with cars, maybe this is partly true, but it definitely doesn’t apply to road constructors. When my daughter was given a road at the age of 2, she was so captivated by it that for about two months, every day in the morning on the floor of the nursery we were greeted by a new shaped highway. I must say that Tasya liked the construction process; sometimes he didn’t even get to the point of rolling cars. I think boys will find any construction set in the form of a car or railroad even more interesting.

For the little ones, it is very important to choose a road construction set so that the parts interlock without unnecessary effort, and the child can assemble the road himself, without the help of an adult. We played with a car construction kit from a little-known company called Dolu. I couldn’t find it for sale, so I’m giving links to the Brio railway (Ozon, My-shop, MyToys) and its analogues (Ozon, My-shop, Read).