Card file of problem situations for middle group children
Petkunova Karina Mikhailovna
Card file of problem situations for middle group children
1. "Who needs what"
— consolidate
children’s knowledge about objects needed by people of different professions: doctor, cook, salesman.
Progress of the game: the teacher invites the child to find an item necessary for the work of a doctor (cook, seller)
.
2. "If You're Lost"
— introduce
children to the rules of behavior in the current situation .
3. “If someone gets sick”
Goal: to consolidate the knowledge that in case of a serious injury it is necessary to call an ambulance doctor by calling number “03”, to practice calling a doctor.
Progress of the game: If we ourselves cannot cope with the situation , then we call a doctor or an ambulance. Children are asked to call a doctor at home. First, dial the phone number and call it in order: last name, first name -> address -> age -> complaints.
4. "Transport"
. The animals of Africa ask Aibolit for help, but Aibolit does not know how to get to them.
5. «Means of communication»
— The baby elephant’s grandmother got sick. We need to call a doctor, but he doesn’t know how.
children's play ideas and skills , create a desire to organize role-playing games. Help in choosing attributes.
6. "At home"
,
“Properties of Materials”
The piglets want to build a strong house to hide from the wolf and do not know what material to make it from.
7. “How and why does water flow?”
- formation in
children of knowledge that water flows from different vessels in different ways: from a wide one - in a large stream, from a narrow one - in a thin stream;
splashes fly from the outlets; water takes the shape of the vessel into which it is poured. 8. “What happened to the bunny?”
— to form an idea of humane treatment of animals;
develop emotional responsiveness, the desire to participate in solving problem situations .
9. Activating communication (solving problem situations )
on the topic
“What would you do if...?”
10. “Name it correctly”
— clarify
children’s knowledge about vegetables and fruits , their qualities (color, shape, taste),
consolidate the ability to recognize them and give a brief description.
11. “There is one toy, but there are many of us”
- promote the development of negotiation skills.
12. "If someone gets hurt"
— continue to introduce
children to basic first aid techniques.
13. “This way or that way”
— to develop
children’s to distinguish life-threatening situations from non-threatening ones ;
develop attention. 14. “They brought a new toy to the group , and everyone wants to play with it. What to do?" - cultivate a friendly attitude towards each other, teach to play together without taking toys away from each other, teach to share toys
15. "Who's there"
— discuss with children the rules of behavior in
the situation of a visit from a stranger, teach how and who to turn to for help.
Card index of didactic games, game situations for the development of communication skills
"Polite words"
Goal: developing respect in communication, the habit of using polite words.
The game is played with a ball in a circle. Children throw a ball to each other, saying polite words. Say only the words of greeting (hello, good afternoon, hello, we are glad to see you, we are glad to meet you); gratitude (thank you, thank you, please be kind); apology (sorry, pardon, sorry, sorry); farewells (goodbye, see you later, good night).
"Magic bouquet of flowers"
Goal: Learn to show attention to others, establish friendly relationships, notice the positive qualities of others and express this in words, give compliments.
Equipment: Green fabric or cardboard, cut out petals for each child.
Teacher (points to a piece of cloth lying on the floor). This is a green meadow. What is your mood when you look at this clearing?
Children. Sad, sad, boring.
Educator. What do you think is missing from it?
Children. Colors.
Educator. Not a fun life in such a clearing. This is how it is between people: life without respect and attention turns out gloomy, gray and sad. Would you like to please each other now? Let's play "Compliments".
Children take turns taking one petal at a time, complimenting anyone their age and laying it out in the clearing. Kind words should be said to every child.
Educator. Look guys, what beautiful flowers have grown from your words in this clearing. What's your mood now?
Children. Cheerful, happy.
The teacher thus leads to the idea that we need to be more attentive to each other and say good words.
"Games-situations"
Goal: to develop the ability to enter into a conversation, exchange feelings, experiences, emotionally and meaningfully express your thoughts using facial expressions and pantomime.
Children are asked to role-play a number of situations:
- Two boys quarreled - make up between them.
- If you really want to play with the same toy as one of the guys in your group, ask him.
- You found a weak, tortured kitten on the street - take pity on it.
- You really offended your friend - try to ask him for forgiveness, make peace with him.
- You came to a new group - meet the children and tell us about yourself.
- You lost your car - go up to the children and ask if they have seen it.
- You come to the library - ask the librarian for a book you are interested in.
- The guys are playing an interesting game - ask the guys to accept you. What will you do if they don't want to accept you?
- Children are playing, one child does not have a toy - share with him.
- The child is crying - calm him down.
- If you can't tie your shoelace, ask a friend to help you.
- Guests have come to you - introduce them to your parents, show them your room and your toys.
- You come home from a walk hungry - what do you tell your mom or grandma?
- The children are having breakfast. Vitya took a piece of bread and rolled it into a ball. Looking around so that no one would notice, he threw it and hit Fedya in the eye. Fedya grabbed his eye and screamed. – What can you say about Vitya’s behavior? How should you handle bread? Can we say that Vitya was joking?
"Rug of Reconciliation"
Goal: To develop communication skills and the ability to resolve conflicts.
Coming from a walk, the teacher tells the children that two boys had a fight on the street today. Invites opponents to sit opposite each other on the “Rug of Reconciliation” in order to find out the cause of the discord and find a way to peacefully resolve the problem. This game is also used when discussing “How to share a toy.”
“Draw a proverb”
Goal: to develop the ability to use non-verbal means of communication.
Children are invited to depict a proverb using gestures and facial expressions:
“The word is not a sparrow - it will fly out and you won’t catch it”
“Tell me who your friend is and I’ll tell you who you are.”
“If you don’t have a friend, look for it, but if you find it, take care.”
“As it comes around, so it will respond”
"Talking Through Glass"
Goal: to develop the skill of facial expressions and gestures.
Children stand opposite each other and perform the game exercise “Through the Glass”. They need to imagine that there is thick glass between them, it does not allow sound to pass through. One group of children will need to be shown (for example, “You forgot to put on your hat,” “I’m cold,” “I’m thirsty...”) and the other group will have to guess what they saw.
"Press conference"
Goal: to develop the ability to politely answer interlocutors’ questions, formulate a response briefly and correctly; develop speech skills.
All children in the group participate in a press conference on any topic (for example: “Your day off”, “Excursion to the zoo”, “Friend’s birthday”, “At the circus”, etc.). One of the participants in the press conference, the “guest” (the one who will be asked all the questions), sits in the center and answers any questions from the children.
"Understand me"
Goal: to develop the ability to navigate people’s role positions and communicative situations.
The child comes forward and comes up with a speech of 4-5 sentences. Children must guess who is speaking (tour guide, journalist, teacher, literary character) and in what situation such words are possible. For example, “And then everyone went to the starting line. 5,4,3,2,! – start! (The situation is a competition between athletes, says the sports commentator).
"Without a mask"
Goal: develop the ability to share your feelings, experiences, mood with friends.
Before the game starts, the teacher tells the children how important it is to be honest, open and frank towards their loved ones and comrades.
All participants sit in a circle. Children, without preparation, continue the statement started by the teacher. Here is the approximate content of unfinished sentences:
“What I really want is...”;
“I especially don’t like it when...”;
“Once I was very frightened by the fact that...”;
“I remember an incident when I felt unbearably ashamed. I…".
"Mirror"
This game can be played alone with a child or with several children. The child looks in the “mirror”, which repeats all his movements, gestures, and facial expressions. The “mirror” can be a parent or another child. You can portray not yourself, but someone else, “Mirror” must guess, then switch roles. Play helps the child open up, feel more free and relaxed.
"Film Reel"
Goal: development of non-verbal means of communication, memory development.
Number of players: group (6-7 people).
Description of the game: children sit in a circle and create a movie “from the first word.” The first child comes up with a word, the second must repeat it and add one of his own words, the third must repeat the first two words and say his own, the fourth must repeat the first three words and say the fourth, etc. When all the children have said what they want, they must show the film with with the help of plasticity and facial expressions.
Comment: Instead of showing a movie, the game can end with composing a fairy tale or story using the suggested words. If an adult sets the task of muscular emancipation of children, development of the ability to convey their feelings and experiences non-verbally (facial expressions and pantomime), then it is better to use the first option for ending the game.
"Interview"
Goal: development of communication skills, active vocabulary, ability to enter into dialogue.
Number of players: 3 or more people.
Necessary equipment: chair.
Description of the game: children choose a leader, and then, imagining that they are adults, take turns standing on a chair and answering the questions that the leader will ask them. The presenter asks the child to introduce himself by name and patronymic, talk about where and who he works for, whether he has children, what hobbies he has, etc.
Comment: at the first stages of the game, children often find it difficult to select questions. In this case, the adult takes on the role of leader, offering the children a sample dialogue. Questions can concern anything, but you must remember that the conversation must be “adult”.
This game helps to get to know children who have just joined the group, as well as to involve shy children in communication. If the children are still very new to each other, the rule can be changed a little: the child who caught the ball says the name of the previous player, then his own, and then (if he knows) the name of the child to whom he will throw the ball.
"Let's talk"
Goal: development of communication skills.
Number of players: 2 or more people.
Description of the game: an adult and a child (or children) play. The adult begins the game with the words: “Let's talk. I would like to become... (wizard, wolf, small). How do you think why?". The child makes an assumption and a conversation ensues. In the end, you can ask what the child would like to become, but you cannot judge his desire and you cannot insist on an answer if he does not want to admit for some reason.
Comment: this game is useful for introverted and shy people, as in a playful way it teaches the child not to be afraid of communication, and puts him in a situation where he needs to make contact.
In the initial stages, children may be reluctant to ask questions or engage in play. Then an adult should take the initiative.
Important point! In the game, the adult should be on the same level as the child, and in case of difficulties, below him.
"Glomerulus"
Goal: development of communication skills.
Number of players: group of children.
Necessary equipment: a ball of thread.
Description of the game: children sit in a semicircle. The adult stands in the center and, winding a thread around his finger, throws a ball to the child, while asking about something (what is your name, what do you love, what are you afraid of). The child catches the ball, winds the thread around his finger, answers the question and asks a question, passing the ball to the next player. If the child finds it difficult to answer, he returns the ball to the leader.
Comment: This game helps children see the common connections between them, and helps adults identify which of the children have communication difficulties. It will be useful for children who are not sociable, and it can also be used in groups of unfamiliar participants.
A child can also be chosen as the leader.
When all the participants are connected by a thread, the adult should fix their attention on the fact that all people are somewhat similar and this similarity is quite easy to find. And it's always more fun when you have friends.
"Living Picture"
Goal: development of expressiveness of movements, arbitrariness, communication skills.
Number of players: any.
Description of the game: children create a story scene and freeze. They can change their position only after the driver guesses the name of the “picture”.
Comment: despite the fact that the main goal of the game is to create a “living picture”, the emphasis in it is on developing the ability to negotiate and find a common language. This game will be especially useful for children who have difficulties in communication (conflict, aggressive, shy, withdrawn). It is better for an adult to take the position of an observer. His intervention is required only in the event of a quarrel between children.
"Skyscraper"
Goal: developing the ability to negotiate and work in a team.
Number of players: 5-6 people.
Necessary equipment: folding meter; 2-3 wooden cubes (can be of different sizes) for each child.
Description of the game: children sit in a circle, and in the center of the circle they need to build a skyscraper. Children take turns placing their cubes (one at a time). At the same time, they can discuss where it is better to put the cube so that the skyscraper does not fall. If at least one cube falls, construction begins again. An adult observing the progress of construction periodically measures the height of the building.
Comment: an adult in this game takes the place of an outside observer. He can intervene in the course of the game only if an unconstructive conflict arises. Children must independently try to find a common language, pursuing a game goal: to build the tallest tower possible, more or less stable.
At the end of the game, the adult can draw an analogy between the tower and teamwork, explaining to the children that friendship and the ability to come to a common decision is the basis that can keep the tower from falling and the group from falling apart.
Literature:
— Novgorodtseva E. A. Formation of friendly relationships among children in play activities // Practical journal // Teacher of preschool educational institution No. 6/2011, Moscow Sphere shopping center - p. 60.
— Chesnokova E.N. development of communication skills in older preschoolers // Practical journal // Teacher of preschool educational institution No. 9/2008, Moscow Sphere shopping center - page 126.
— Kuligina E.A., Kislyakova E.V. Communicative abilities of preschool children as a factor of social adaptation. //Practical journal// Teacher of preschool educational institution No. 5/2010, Moscow Sphere shopping center - page 61.
— Gromova E.V. Formation of communication skills with peers in older preschoolers. //Practical journal// Teacher of preschool educational institution No. 5/2010, Moscow Sphere shopping center - page 65.
— Sorokina A.I. Didactic games in kindergarten and senior groups. A manual for kindergarten teachers. Moscow "Enlightenment" 1982
— G.A. Shirokova “Development of emotions and feelings in preschool children.”
Electronic literature:
— Ilyasova E.Yu. Development of communication abilities in children of senior preschool age. https://festival.1september.ru.
— Orlova N.Yu. Development of communication abilities of preschool children in play activities. https://pedsovet.org.ru.
