The role of outdoor games in the development of a preschool child

Outdoor games for children goals and objectives

Outdoor sports games are an excellent way to introduce a toddler to a healthy lifestyle. With their help, you can teach your baby important skills and abilities. Not only teachers, but also parents themselves can use active activities for educational purposes.

The purpose of outdoor entertainment is not only to help children have fun in their leisure time, but also to teach such important things as teamwork, mutual assistance, agility, endurance, courage, and perseverance.

Regular physical activity can improve your baby's health. The parents’ task is to arouse in the child a genuine interest in outdoor entertainment, as well as teach him to play independently, observing all the necessary rules.

Also, using outdoor games with children is an excellent way to adjust the individual characteristics of children. With their help, a shy and timid child can be taught to be sociable and communicative, a hyperactive child to be disciplined and collected, etc.

It is important that each child plays both a leading and a secondary role in the game. For active children , activities that require concentration and clear actions, on which the final result will depend, are well suited. passive children the opportunity to get used to simple entertainment, gradually helping them develop speed and dexterity, and then, when positive dynamics are achieved, move on to more complex levels of activities.

REFERENCE! Before starting the fun, be sure to explain the rules to the children clearly and in detail, explain that compliance with them is very important, and you must always remain honest and fair in the game. After class, have a conversation with the kids, talk about the mistakes they made, tell them how to avoid them, and most importantly, don’t forget to praise them for their successes.

Outdoor games as a means of child development

Undoubtedly, outdoor games are necessary in the development of children of preschool and school age; they contribute to both the physical and mental development of the child - an indisputable fact. What benefits does a child receive by regularly practicing this pastime?

The most important thing is that children experience genuine pleasure from outdoor games, emotional uplift and sincere joy. Active activities are great for relieving psychological tension . When a child plays, he relaxes, abstracts himself, “blows off steam,” and learns to control his emotions. Many children gradually overcome their complexes.

Victories and defeats in gaming activities help to master the realities of life from childhood. The process of education and training takes place best in a playful form, because the baby is as relaxed as possible in such classes.

When faced with the next rules of the game, the child understands that they cannot be broken, this is excellent discipline and encourages him to be organized.

PECULIARITIES! To maintain your child’s interest in games, it is important to constantly and gradually complicate them and use new options. Use symbolic prizes in the form of sweets or give the winners souvenirs. Remember, while participating in interesting activities, children often forget about time and do not even feel tired.

By playing in a team, the baby learns to interact with other participants, which develops his communication skills and helps him establish communication with peers and find compromises.

Few people know, but outdoor games contribute to the development of intelligence. Many active activities involve not only participation in the physical education of children, but also require intense mental work and quick decision-making.

Classes help overcome many personal psychological barriers: shyness, isolation, uncertainty. In order to feel self-confidence, just one victory is enough. Such entertainment stimulates you to become better and helps you reveal your hidden capabilities. After all, many active games are competitive in nature, where each participant strives to be better than the rest.

Through active activities, the child practices expressing a different range of emotions. Karapuz rejoices in his victory, empathizes with the losing participants, supports and protects the weak, etc. All this requires difficult internal work on oneself.

IMPORTANT! If parents want to establish relationships with their baby and strengthen the emotional connection, especially during difficult crisis periods in development, outdoor games will help them with this.

Many active entertainments require the ability to quickly respond to various unexpected situations, take decisions on new problems, showing initiative, ingenuity and quick wits.

It is not difficult to instill an interest in outdoor games among modern children. Regularly conduct exciting, active activities, stimulate your child’s desire to lead a healthy lifestyle, and most importantly, set your own example.

MADOU Kindergarten No. 141 in Tyumen

“The role of outdoor games in the development of preschool children”

“A game is a huge bright window through which a life-giving stream of ideas and concepts about the surrounding world flows into the child’s spiritual world.” V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Physiologists believe that movement is an innate, vital human need. Complete satisfaction in movements is especially important in early childhood, when all the basic systems and functions of the body are formed. Without movement, a child cannot grow up healthy. No wonder they say: movement is life and an effective remedy. By moving, the child learns about the world around him, learns to love it and purposefully act in it. Movement is an important means of education; games give children bright moments of communication and develop behavioral experience.

Play is a vital need of a child; it occupies an important place in the life of a preschooler and is the main means of education. Among the variety of games, special mention should be made of outdoor games, in which all players are necessarily involved in active actions, which are determined by the plot and rules of the game, and are aimed at achieving a certain conditional goal. Outdoor play is of great importance for the comprehensive, harmonious development of children and is an effective means of developing a healthy lifestyle.

Outdoor games are easy to organize, always interesting for children and effective not only for physical development, but also social and intellectual, since many of them require ingenuity, reaction speed, attentiveness, and strategy development. Outdoor games with rules, like physical education classes, develop in children concentration of attention when memorizing movements, accuracy of movements and orientation in the environment, dexterity and speed of movements, the ability to perform movements at the same pace as a group, volitional qualities: endurance, courage, ability to overcome difficulties, the ability not to deviate from the rules, to experience defeat and victory, the ability to listen to comments and correct your movements.

The role of outdoor games in mental education is great: children learn to act in accordance with the rules, learn the meaning of the game, remember the rules, have spatial terminology, learn to act consciously in a changed game situation, and learn about the world around them. During the game, memory is activated, intelligence, fantasy, thinking, imagination are developed, and social qualities are formed. All this gives the child a basis to compare his actions with the actions of his peers, as a result of which conditions are created that contribute to the formation of the child’s initial forms of self-esteem and self-control, which is of great importance both for educational activities (future and present) and for a full life in a team.

Outdoor games are also of great importance for moral education.

Children learn to act in a team and obey common requirements. The presence of rules and the requirement to comply with them, the frequent change of drivers put the participants in the game in the position of equal partners, which helps strengthen emotional contacts between children. Children gradually learn in the game that they should not leave someone in trouble or laugh at someone else’s awkwardness, because this can happen to anyone. The achievement of common success depends on actions of mutual assistance.

Children perceive the rules of the game as a law, and conscious implementation of them forms the will, develops self-control, endurance, and the ability to control one’s actions and behavior. The game develops honesty, discipline, and a sense of justice. Outdoor play teaches sincerity and camaraderie. In collective games, children-organizers, children-leaders are identified who know how to persistently strive for a goal and carry others along with them.

In pedagogical science, outdoor games are considered as the most important means of a child’s comprehensive development. Outdoor play can be called the most important educational institution that promotes the development of physical and mental norms, rules of behavior, and ethical values of society.

Games improve the aesthetic perception of the world. Children learn the beauty of movements, their imagery, and they develop a sense of rhythm. By playing and implementing various forms of activity, children learn about themselves, their bodies, invent, create, and at the same time develop harmoniously and holistically.

Outdoor play prepares a child for work: children make play attributes, arrange and put them away in a certain sequence, and improve the motor skills necessary for future work.

Outdoor games are an excellent means of developing and improving children’s movements, strengthening and hardening their bodies.

The value of outdoor games is that they are based on various types of vital movements, and that these movements are performed in a wide variety of conditions. A large number of movements are accompanied by chemical processes that activate breathing, blood circulation and metabolism in the body, which significantly contributes to the development of muscles, bones, connective tissues, and increases the mobility of joints, especially the spine.

Play is a natural companion of a child’s life and therefore meets the laws laid down by nature itself in the child’s developing body - his insatiable need for cheerful movements. Creativity and imagination, which are an indispensable condition for most outdoor games, strengthen brain impulses, which, in turn, stimulate the pituitary gland, the activity of the thyroid gland and the entire endocrine system. Positive emotions and creativity are the most important factors for healing.

Games with an active physical component allow you to solve a whole range of important issues when working with preschoolers: satisfy their need for movement and stabilize emotions, teach them to control their body, develop not only physical, but also mental and creative abilities, moral qualities, etc.

Motor activity of a gaming nature and the positive emotions it evokes enhance physiological processes in the body and improve the functioning of all organs and systems. Emotional uplift (joy, pleasure, elation, inspiration) creates in children an increased tone of the whole organism.

In our work, we use outdoor games every day: both in organized activities, and during routine moments, and during walks in each age group.

Thus, outdoor games can be perceived as everyday children's fun, satisfying the body's need for movement, joint activity and joyful emotions, and can be considered as a pedagogical means of not only the physical, but also the social development of preschool children.

The role of outdoor games in child development

It’s not for nothing that they say “movement is life.” After all, it is with the help of regular physical activity that the baby will be able to increase his immunity, improve his health and become resilient and dexterous. The role of outdoor play in the physical development of a child is invaluable. Such activities will teach the child to control his body, improve motor skills and help him master new capabilities of his body.

Active games are more than just entertainment. In fact, the number of benefits from such a pastime is considerable. The child learns to interact with other children; such activities help to relax, overcome shyness, become organized and disciplined, gain new knowledge about the world around him and consolidate already familiar information.

PECULIARITIES! Select games taking into account the age and developmental characteristics of the child.

Carrying out active entertainment in the fresh air is doubly useful. The lungs are well saturated with oxygen, the nervous system is strengthened, which helps improve the quality of sleep, increase appetite, reduce fatigue and irritability.

How to develop a child through play? What are outdoor games for?

All children love outdoor games. This is a way to have fun and “throw” energy in the “right direction.” Racing games, games with a ball, on a bicycle, with a skipping rope and other paraphernalia will be incredibly useful for children.

As a rule, children are always immersed in an exciting activity with interest and are always happy to play games organized by their parents, educators, teachers and friends. Outdoor games can make children friendly and joyful. They are better than anything at developing collective thinking and exercising sports.

The new generation of children is growing up in very unfavorable conditions:

computer addiction
unhealthy diet, oversaturated with fats and carbohydrates
lack of physical activity
sedentary lifestyle
stress and nervous tension
insufficient attention from parents

All these factors negatively affect the little person, blocking his full development and worsening his health. Ordinary outdoor play that is educational, active and interesting can improve a child’s quality of life.

Active movements have a beneficial effect on the development of the child. In addition, they are able to shape the baby’s personality from an early age. You can see how regular participation in games helps:

train persistence
Helps your child gain the ability to concentrate
develop speed reaction
develop perseverance and patience

It is interesting to know that the skills acquired in childhood during play remain with a person throughout his life. If you exercise them regularly, they will not disappear anywhere, but on the contrary, they will become more refined and harmonious.

What to rely on when choosing a game

First of all, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for the game. This does not mean that all games should take place on specialized playgrounds or with special props. It is precisely the material side of the issue that in such cases does not play a role at all, since the child’s imagination allows him to make a sword out of any twig, and a desert out of a sandbox. In this situation, it is important to create psychological comfort. The child should feel free, he should have the opportunity to show initiative and independence.

It is imperative to think in advance about how to react to the negative aspects of any game. Here the parents themselves need to try to set a positive example, and try to help the child work through their negative emotions.

And, of course, any game should also be educational. But even here we must not forget about freedom and independence, since the child must come to any conclusions himself, otherwise it will not be effective.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Outdoor games and their role in the physical development of preschool children.

Gavrilenko Kristina Vladimirovna senior teacher of the first qualification category

Raising a healthy generation with the harmonious development of physical qualities is one of the main tasks of modern society. In any society built on humanistic and democratic principles, human health is the highest value, the most important asset of the state, it is an indisputable priority, the key to the vitality and progress of society.

The problem of physical development of the younger generation today is considered as one of the priority socio-pedagogical tasks.

Preschool children simply need movement. It is known that children who are constantly on the move get sick less and are exposed to various diseases, sleep soundly, and develop physically faster.

Outdoor games are an excellent means of developing and improving children, strengthening and hardening their bodies. The value of outdoor games is that they are based on various types of vital movements, and that these movements are performed in a wide variety of conditions. A large number of movements are accompanied by chemical processes that activate breathing, blood circulation and metabolism in the body, which significantly contributes to the development of muscles, bones, connective tissues, and increases the mobility of joints, especially the spine.

Since the body is a functional whole, increased activity of one organ system affects the increased activity of other organs. With rapid movements during the game, the breathing process improves, resulting in faster saturation of the blood with oxygen, the activity of the heart and lungs and improves coordination of movements and reactions of nerve centers, accelerates all biological processes in the body, and affects mental activity.

During the game, memory is activated, intelligence, fantasy, thinking, imagination are developed, and social qualities are formed.

Games contribute to the development of volitional processes, since conscious control of movements in the game is much higher than in activities carried out according to instructions.

Outdoor games are also of great importance for moral education. Children learn to act in a team and obey common requirements. The presence of rules and the requirement to comply with them, and the frequent change of drivers, place the participants in the game in the position of equal partners, which helps strengthen emotional contacts between children. Children gradually learn in the game that they should not leave someone in trouble or laugh at someone else’s awkwardness, because this can happen to anyone. The achievement of common success depends on actions of mutual assistance.

The most effective way to play games is outdoors. With active physical activity of children in the fresh air, the work of the heart and lungs increases, and consequently, the flow of oxygen into the blood increases. This has a beneficial effect on the general condition of children: appetite improves, the nervous system strengthens, and the body's resistance to various diseases increases.

The main task of the teacher is to maintain sufficient activity of all children in the game, gradually increasing the complexity of movements in accordance with the age characteristics of preschool children.

But despite all the advantages of outdoor games, the daily life of modern children has become more “homey” , most of which takes place on a computer, tablet, phone or TV. As a result, the motor activity of children naturally decreases, coordination of movements and dexterity are impaired.

The negative aspects of this problem are obvious - vision deteriorates, additional stress appears on the spine. The child may have problems with the cardiovascular system, which can affect the decrease in immunity.

Therefore, we consider strengthening and preserving the health of children in preschool institutions a top priority.

Today I want to tell you about outdoor games that you can easily use in your teaching activities. We divided them into 3 groups:

Low mobility games in a group
Playing outside when it rains
Physical education sessions at NOD

LOW MOBILITY GAMES.

Children are designed in such a way that they need to constantly move. But here’s the problem - in a group you can’t really turn around and run away, and you’ll probably knock over your group mate.

Therefore, it is games of low mobility that help out in these situations. Sedentary games are used as an independent form of physical education.

Today we want to bring to your attention a new form of working with children in a group. These are coordination ladders.

The coordination ladder is one of the most common and effective training equipment for many sports. It is used for both individual and group lessons.

The use of exercises with coordination ladders will help develop children's interest in not only sports games, but also physical education in general. Exercises on the coordination ladder force a person's neurological system to send additional information to his muscles at great speed, including more and more motor cells. This helps children be faster, more agile, and more mobile. The ladder works on the principle of developing general sports skills, which can then be transferred to some specific sports branch.

The ladder consists of durable nylon tapes and 7, 11 flexible (4 or 8 meters) plastic cross bars. The width of the staircase is 50 cm, the distance between the slats is 40 cm. Since purchasing such a simulator required certain financial costs, we made it with our own hands.

The coordination ladder is nothing more than a simulator designed to develop speed skills when performing movements over short distances, as well as to develop agility, strength, endurance, coordination (control of body balance) movements and synchronization of motor skills.

When practicing on the coordination ladder, you can adjust the level of load, which allows absolutely everyone to practice on it.

And, perhaps, the last and most important factor is convenience. This simulator is very compact and does not take up a large area, which plays an important role in group rooms of a kindergarten.

There are many exercises on the coordination ladder. Some of them are specialized, designed for a specific sport, some are universal, but almost all of them are aimed at improving coordination and footwork speed, movement technique and balance.

We have compiled sets of exercises on the coordination ladder: walking, running, jumping exercises, exercises in push-ups, exercises with a ball, and now they are actively used by both physical education instructors and teachers in the free activities of children.

OUTDOOR GAMES WHEN IT RAINS

I think that you will agree with me that the weather conditions of our native and beloved region are a little harsh and the opportunities to walk with children in the fresh air are quite limited. But no one canceled walks in preschool institutions. Therefore, if the children are dressed for the weather and there is a veranda on the site, then no rain will be scary.

We bring to your attention the first part of such games - these are “Active Acting Games” . They do not require any specific preparation, but at the same time they actively develop the imagination, imagination and hidden acting talents of our beloved preschool children.

Invite children to imagine and use movements and facial expressions to depict a hot iron, alarm clock, kettle, telephone or coffee grinder. For younger children, “riddle” a word in their ear or show a picture of the object being depicted. For older children, you can already make cards with words.

You can feel like a theater actor and perform a sketch. The driver performs it, and the rest guess. Offer to depict how you can thread a needle, sharpen a pencil with a sharpener or penknife, or even take money out of your wallet and count it

Invite the guys to put on a Guinness show. The most important thing in this competition is to come up with many unusual and completely frivolous competitions to determine who is the best. It is necessary to explain to the presenter what the Guinness Book of Records is and to inform about the glory that awaits the winners. Anyone can be invited to any competition.

The second part is “Games for learning” . They form children’s understanding of the world around them, consolidate existing knowledge and develop active cognitive interest.

They form children’s understanding of the world around them, consolidate existing knowledge and develop active cognitive interest.

For example, “The Rain is an Artist.” Take powder paints or food coloring with you for a walk, paint pictures with them on wet paths, and together admire the bizarre patterns that drops of rain will turn into. And if you pour a little watercolor or gouache into a small puddle, it will turn into a fabulous colored lake.

You can be real explorers and go to the biggest puddle and throw different objects into it. To sink or not to sink. Which pebble will cause more splashes? How can we find out the depth of the puddle, will we get our feet wet, our boots are high enough? Don’t rush to show your child the correct answer; let him try to guess that the depth of a puddle can be determined with a stick. And then compare the depth and height of the boots.

PHYSICAL MINUTES IN NOD.

Any direct educational activity not related to movement is a heavy burden on the body of preschoolers. They quickly get tired, attention decreases, and children lose interest in activities.

One of the best ways to prevent fatigue, improve the general condition of children, and change their activities is considered to be short-term physical exercise, the so-called physical education minutes. They relieve muscle tension caused by immobility, switch attention from one activity to another, calm the nervous system and restore children's performance.

Quite new and interesting methods of conducting physical education minutes in direct educational activities is the use of musical accompaniment by Ekaterina Zheleznova and physical education minutes with a video sequence, in other words, songs with movements.

Ekaterina Zheleznova, together with her husband Sergei, developed the “Music with Mom” for the early development of children from 6 months to 6 years. This is a playful form of presenting material, accessible and practical to use. This turns physical education sessions not only into positive recreation, but also contributes to the learning of preschoolers.

In this program there are many songs and melodies for each age on various topics, which undoubtedly makes it easier for the teacher to select the necessary material for classes. Playful activities accompanied by music make the child happy and maintain his interest in activities.

Physical education sessions can be accompanied not only by music, but also by video. There are many options on the Internet, designed according to the age of the child. For example, Smeshariki, for younger children, and Kukutiki and Animaliki for older preschool age.

We are confident that such unusual forms of physical education minutes can have a fun and useful way of preventing preschoolers from becoming overtired in direct educational activities.

Thus, outdoor games are necessary for the unity of psychophysical, intellectual, moral, emotional education; to achieve complete harmony with yourself and with the world around you; for the possibility of realizing freedom and choice of actions, which is necessary for the quality preparation of children.

Physical education of preschool children plays an important pedagogical role. It fosters a healthy spirit in a preschooler, helps him in the future, achieve success, and be physically prepared for difficulties. Physically trained preschoolers become healthy people and full-fledged citizens in society.

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