Fruits: materials for games, conversations and activities with preschool children 

Fruits:

materials for games, conversations and activities with preschool children. Finger gymnastics. Entertaining speech exercises and games for children. Physical education minutes. Cartoons.

In this article you will find:

1. Conversation about fruits.
2. 10 speech games on the topic “Fruits”.
3. Finger gymnastics.
4. Three ideas for physical education minutes.

Additional material for the article - riddles about fruits can be found in the article "Riddles"

Conversation about fruits L.K. Schleger. 1913

Preparing for the conversation.

There are different fruits in front of the children. They name them, determine their shape, colors. Determined by touch and taste with eyes closed.

Catalogs of fruits should be at hand; drawings in paints (that is, color pictures); artificial fruit

Conversation.

What do fruits grow on? What is the name of the tree on which apples grow? Can plums grow on an apple tree? What does a ripe apple look like? What does it taste like? (Sweet, juicy). Who colored the apple so much? What protects the apple pulp? (Skin). When is the apple ripe? The beauty of an apple tree hung with ruddy apples. Has anyone ever seen an apple tree with apples? What are the apples sitting on?

Who can tell me how an apple grows? Is it always so big and ruddy? What color is an unripe apple? What does it taste like? Before the apple appears, the apple tree blooms. When does it bloom? In the spring. Has anyone seen an apple tree in bloom? We'll look at it in the spring, but for now let's look at the picture.

Let's see what's inside the apple , cut it - one lengthwise, the other across. What are the seeds in and how many are there? Why do apple trees need seeds? Why do you need pulp? She guards the seeds. What color are ripe seeds? What about the unripe ones?

What kind of seeds do cherries have? At the plum?

Who eats ripe fruits? Do some people eat and love them? Do people eat seeds? They spit them out. What do birds eat? Seeds fall on the ground, and what grows from them?

What do you sometimes find in apples, pears, plums? Worm. How did the worm get into the apple tree? Does the worm remain in the apple? He gnaws it and comes out (find an apple with a worm in it). A worm is made into a pupa, and a pupa is made into a butterfly.

What do we make from fruits? What do we make jam from? Has anyone ever seen dried fruit? Show and try. What else is made from fruits? Kvass, liqueur.

Do we grow grapes? What do they make from it? What other fruits do you know that grow in warm countries? Oranges, tangerines, lemons. Are the skins of oranges and lemons as thin as those of an apple?

What fruits does an oak tree or a Christmas tree have? Who collects and eats them? Is this fruit?

Children's work on the topic "Fruits".

• Modeling fruits, drawing them.
• Cutting and pasting (applique).
• Cutting out pictures of fruits from catalogs and magazines.
• Illustration “Apple picking”.
• Fruit stand (making a model for children's games together with the children)

Question for educators to consider:

Exactly 100 years have passed since the publication of this conversation for young children by the talented teacher Louise Karlovna Schleger! Have we and our children changed? What is different about the conversation about fruits by L.K. Schleger from modern conversations about fruits in kindergarten? What requirements for a conversation with children were taken into account when compiling this conversation? What would you change about it?

You will learn more about conversations with children and about our history of methods for developing children’s speech from the article “Conversation in kindergarten” based on materials from the book by E.A. Flerina “The Living Word in a Preschool Institution.”

Lesson summary “Getting to know fruits”

Goal: To develop the visual, tactile, taste and olfactory sensations of children. Expand your vocabulary, develop children’s speech, the ability to listen to the teacher, and answer his questions.

Program content: Teach children to distinguish between an apple and a pear, know their names, sensory characteristics. Apple: round, smooth, hard, yellow, green or red, has a sweet and sour taste. Pear: Round, slightly elongated, yellow, soft, juicy, sweet.

Materials: A toy – a hedgehog, a basket of fruits (several pieces of each fruit), a tray, a cutting board, a knife, pictures of trees (pear, apple tree), pictures of fruits, two small baskets.

Approximate course of the lesson.

Children sit on chairs. There is a knock. - Guys, someone came to visit us. Look who it is? The teacher shows a pre-prepared hedgehog toy. Children say hello and meet the hedgehog.

- Guys, look, the hedgehog came to us with gifts. He walked through the orchard and brought us a whole basket of fruit. The teacher puts up pictures of trees and conducts a dialogue with the hedgehog - asks him what kind of trees they are, sometimes turns to the children: - Guys, maybe these are Christmas trees growing in the garden? (Children answer.) No, these are not Christmas trees, these are apple trees, apples grow on them. Apples don't grow on Christmas trees! Hedgehog, am I speaking correctly?

He tells on behalf of the hedgehog that different fruit trees grow in the garden: apple trees, pears. And that he brought fruits from these trees to show them to the children and treat them.

The teacher sits the hedgehog down and begins a sensory examination of the fruit. First, he gives apples to the children, asks them to look, stroke, smell, and press. And he asks the children what it is, seeking answers: round, hard, smooth, smells delicious, aromatic. Asks the children to repeat the signs of an apple in unison. At the end of the examination, the teacher cuts the apples into small pieces so that there is enough for all the children, the teacher, the nanny and the hedgehog. He asks them to first smell the apples and enjoy their aroma, and then eat their slices. While the children are chewing apples, the teacher names the signs: hard, sweet and sour, crunchy on the teeth, tasty. She doesn’t forget to give the hedgehog a treat and turns to him with questions. The teacher asks the children to stand up after everyone has eaten the apples and conducts a physical education session.

Physical education minute

The hedgehog hurried to his home, he carried supplies with him. (walking in place) The hedgehog jumped over the hummocks, (jumping in place) He ran quickly through the forest. (running in place) Suddenly he sat down and changed - he turned into a round ball. (sat down) And then jumped up again (stood up) And hurried to the kids (walking in place)

Then the lesson continues, the pear is examined in the same way. At the end of the lesson, the hedgehog invites the children to play. Collect apples and pears in different baskets. The teacher lays out pictures of apples and pears on the floor. The teacher and the hedgehog ask the children to collect apples in one basket and pears in another. The hedgehog praises the children and says goodbye to them.

Authors: Yuliana Vladilenovna Lebedeva, teacher; Volkova Elena Mikhailovna, teacher; MDOU general developmental kindergarten No. 37 “Romashka”, Klin, Moscow region, Russia.

The article is published in the author's edition

Speech games with preschool children on the topic “Fruits”

Game 1. Ladder in the garden. Choose a word.

Together with your child, come up with as many words as you can about what kinds of fruits there are. For example, today we will play with the word “apple” - “What kind of apple can there be?”, and next time with the word “pear” - “What kind of pear can there be?” You can choose words on the road, on a walk, on the bus or in the car. But the best thing is to play!

How to generate interest in a word matching game?

Speech exercises are difficult for children, so it is best to carry them out in a playful way and so that the child can clearly see the result of his efforts. I came up with my own technique for this - “visual game assessment of the result of speech.” This is how I do it.

I usually draw a large tree on an easel with a felt-tip pen (you can also draw a tree on a piece of paper or on a board). On the tree I draw fruits, but they must be drawn very high from the ground. There is a ladder next to the tree. The staircase is drawn as two vertical parallel lines. But - this is important - there are no steps drawn on it!

How we play: we select words and climb up the stairs to get fruit. One word = one step.

As soon as we have chosen one word, I draw one step. We found another word - I draw another step. How many words were chosen - so many steps appeared on the ladder! With each word, more steps are added, and we climb higher and higher (you can rearrange the children’s figures according to the image of the ladder). The task is to get to the top of the tree, and for this you need to choose a lot of words!

There should definitely be a pleasant surprise waiting for children at the top of the tree! When children take an apple (or plum) from the crown of a tree, on the back of the picture they should find something - a plan indicating the place where a surprise is hidden, a riddle, a small gift, a beautiful piece of paper, words of congratulations from the Gardener, a drawn medal, magic words etc.

Hint for adults

Words for the game: fragrant, big, tasty, tasteless, sour, sweet, rosy, tender, fragrant, juicy, bulk, red, yellow, golden, striped, ripe immature, ripe, round, oval, elongated, soft, hard, rotten , wormy, dried, large, small, boiled, summer, early, early ripening, southern.

Helpful advice:

• It is better if you say in this game words that are rarely found in everyday communication (“fragrant apple”, “fragrant apple”, “ripe apple”), and the children will select simpler words (“sweet apple”, “round apple”) ", "ruddy apple"). If children find it difficult, then you can suggest words to the kids with a gesture, suggest the first syllable, remind them of a familiar line from a poem in which this word appears

• This game is difficult for children at first. But later, interest and attention to words and expressive speech develops. Children begin to be very attentive to the words and literary texts that are read to them, listen to the speech of adults and notice vivid figurative epithets in it. Therefore, the game is very useful for developing attention to language, for enriching and activating children’s vocabulary, and for preparing for school.

• I really love reading Y. Akim’s poem to children, which contains many expressive epithets. Listen to it as a child and find beautiful, special, expressive words in it.

“The apple is ripe, red, sweet, the apple is crisp, with a smooth skin. I’ll split the apple in half, I’ll share the apple with my friend.” (Ya. Akim).

Here are more poems about apples, in which there are many beautiful figurative words for speech play.

Fragrant, rosy, Some are sweet, some are spicy, Some are sour, some are tart, Some are soft, some are strong. There are fresh, dried, and even soaked.

The most important sweet fruit grows in our garden. It is amber and fragrant, sweet and sour, golden. Large, round and crispy, the King's son is real! There is one with a ruddy side and a cheerful worm. Our apple tree amazingly gave us a lot of apples: very sweet, aromatic, and so pleasant to the taste.

Game 2. I know.

The first player begins: I know a lot of fruits: an apple. The second player continues: I know a lot of fruits: apple and pear. The third builds the chain further: “I know a lot of fruits: apple, pear and plum.” The task is to continue the chain and not confuse anything. An adult can make a deliberate mistake in a game, for example, naming a vegetable instead of a fruit. Will children notice this mistake?

The game develops attention and memory.

Tips for playing the game:

For children, the chain should not be too big! If there are a lot of children playing, then it is better to compose not one long chain of words, which is difficult to remember, but several chains.

When making a chain, you can string large wooden parts onto a cord. This way we can clearly see how many words we have remembered and selected.

Game 3. Let's collect fruits in a basket.

Each player names one fruit. If he named correctly, then he puts the cube in the basket. One word is one cube. The task is to fill the basket with words - cubes, remembering and naming as many fruits as possible. You can play against the clock - you need to fill the basket in 2 minutes. This is a fairly long period of time, sufficient to complete the task.

What children can name: apple, pear, quince, cherry plum, shadberry, apricot, peach, plum, lemon, orange, grapefruit, tangerine, pomegranate, pineapple, persimmon, banana, mango, avocado, kiwi and other fruits.

You can “put” in the basket not only the names of fruits, but also phrases. For example: “fragrant apple” - put a cube. Now we need to come up with the next phrase - “golden pear”. Next is a new phrase – “blue plum”. And so we fill the basket.

Game 4. Classification. Fruits and vegetables.

Children are given pictures of mixed fruits and vegetables. You need to put fruits in one basket and vegetables in another.

Be sure to ask your child: “Why do you think this is a fruit?”

To summarize children’s ideas about fruits and clarify the general concept of “fruit,” with children 4 years of age and older, you can conduct an exercise with pictures to develop logical thinking, “What are fruits?”

Step 1. Place 3-4 pictures of fruits in front of the child. For example, apple, pineapple, banana, plum. You can also use real fruits or dummies. Ask what's different

these items?
Let the child compare
them with each other and tell them that they differ: a) in color - “the plum is purple and the apple is scarlet”, b) in size “the plum is small and the pineapple is large”, c) the nature of the surface (smooth, rough), d) shape (round, oval, long - short).

Step 2. After this, ask the main question: “ How are these pictures similar?” What do these items have in common?

" It's a difficult question. If necessary, help your child with guiding questions.

• What do people do with them? Are eating. So, they are similar in that they are what? Right! Edible.
• Where do they grow?
  Yes, they all grow not on the ground, but on trees, in the garden.
• Can they grow on their own in a field or forest?
  No. Who planted them? Human! Can they grow without care or watering? So how are they similar?

Step 3. After discussion, conclude with your child that all these pictures depict plants - fruits. And again discuss the main characteristics of fruits. Fruits are plants, they are always edible, they grow in the garden, they are planted and grown by people, people take care of them. People make jam, compotes, jellies, marmalade and other delicious treats from fruits.

Step 4. Ask them to select fruits from pictures of different foods. Why is this a fruit, you ask? Maybe it's a vegetable? Emphasize the difference - fruits grow on trees in the garden. And vegetables grow on the ground in the garden.

Game 5. What is made from fruits? Cheerful cooks.

At the beginning of the game, we remember all the dishes that are made from fruits. Remember the most favorite dishes of your children and your family.

Hint for adults: juice, compote, jelly, fruit drink, jam, jelly, marmalade, candied fruits, raisins, dried apricots and other dried fruits, Turkish delight are made from fruits. Do you remember anything else? I will be glad to see your additions in the comments after the article.

And then we start playing with the children - “cooking” their favorite dish. For example, let's make marmalade. We depict how we stir the mass in a saucepan, how we spread it with a spoon on a baking sheet, and then cut it into slices with a knife and treat the toys. And at this time we talk about marmalade, learning to form adjectives from nouns.

Let's make marmalade from different fruits, and we will succeed (we start the phrase, and the children suggest the answer). Apple marmalade - what should we call it? Apple.

• Plum marmalade – what kind? Plum. (A common mistake is “creamy”! Please note to the child that creamy is made from cream. And made from plums is plum)
• And from pears? Attention! There are common mistakes here, the correct option is pear.
• And what kind of peaches? Peach!
• From apricots - ? Apricot.
• From orange - ? Orange.
• From tangerine - ? Tangerine.

And then we start playing in the cafe. Each time we don’t just say a word, but depict a whole scene - we treat visitors, taste it, lick our lips, make suggestions, ask questions. And at this time we say: “Oh, how fragrant our apple marmalade turned out. Would you like to try the pear one? Maybe you’ll like plum better?” If a child makes a typical mistake, for example, says “apple” instead of “apple,” then it is best to treat the guests – the toys – with apple marmalade, saying this word many times in the game in different phrases: “Would you like to treat yourself to apple marmalade? It is very tasty!". Or: “Our apple marmalade is very aromatic and not cloying, you will like it!”

One of the options for such a game is to persuade the character to try apple marmalade, praising it in every possible way. And each time repeating its name and reinforcing the correct version of the word in speech. Naturally, at first the toy refuses, and then agrees. And she really, really likes apple marmalade. And your baby, while playing, masters a new word for him, and will no longer make mistakes in it! And before you know it, you will learn to speak grammatically correctly!

In the future , you will only need to remind him of the correct option in everyday communication: “Remember, we played with fruits. What is the correct name for apple marmalade? Correct your mistake. What a clever girl! Yes, apple!” Never repeat your child's mistakes. It is very important for a child to hear grammatically correct speech from adults!

Game 6. Call me affectionately.

• Apple - ? Bullseye.
• Plum - ? — Slivka
• Apricot - ? - Apricot.
• Pear - ? - Grushka.
• Orange - ? - Orange.
• Mandarin - ? - Tangerine.
• Lemon - ? Lemon.

Game 7. Wizards.

Give your child a magic wand and let him turn into a wizard. An ordinary pencil wrapped in foil can act as a stick. For beauty, you can attach a brush, bell or other attribute of magic to the pencil.

The task of our little wizards is to grow a lot of fruit. An evil wizard bewitched the garden, and only one apple grew in it. But our little wizard waves his magic wand, and a lot of things happen? Apples!

• There was one plum, a wave of the stick, and it turned out to be a lot? Drain.
• Instead of one orange, many grew? Oranges.
• There was one pineapple, but now there are a lot of other things? Pineapples.
• There was one pear. Has it become too much? Grush.
• There was one banana hanging on a branch, but now there are a lot? Bananas.

In this grammar game, your child gets to know the genitive plural of nouns. You will be able to see and correct common grammatical errors. For example, children may say that there are a lot of “apples” instead of the correct version of “apples.” Children often say that there are a lot of “pears” or “pears” instead of the correct version of “pears”. If the kids make mistakes, then play the following game with them to consolidate their speech skills.

Game 8. What happened.

Place 6 pictures in front of your child. Each picture depicts fruits: bananas, apples, pears, plums, pineapples (you can take another list of pictures). Let the baby close his eyes, and at this time you remove one of the pictures. What's missing? Grush.

In this game, the child also learns to correctly use words in the genitive case.

Visual material (pictures)+ for this game and other games in the article

has already been posted in the section of the website “Library of games, pictures and materials for activities with children” - “Fruits: pictures for children, tasks, speech games.”

Game 9. Fourth wheel.

• Lemon, tangerine, orange, cucumber.
• Pineapple, boletus, apple, pear.
• Pear, plum, fruit, kiwi.
• Plum, pear, compote, apple.

Be sure to ask children why they chose this particular word as extra. Children have their own logic, and it also has the right to life! In addition, the ability to explain and prove one’s point of view, to build arguments is very important in life and begins to develop in a child in preschool age! Take advantage of these baby development opportunities!

Game 10. Guess who?

This entertaining and fun game makes it very easy to learn how to use genitive plural nouns correctly. It happens so naturally! Children love to play, they play the game many times, and each time they develop and consolidate their speech skills without any teaching, boring exercises or long explanations - naturally and playfully!

To play you will need pictures, each of which depicts several fruits. You need two identical sets.

One of the children is the leader. He is given one set of pictures. All participants in the game take a picture from another set.

The presenter's task is to guess who has what. The dialogue goes like this:

— Do you have lemons? No, I don't have lemons! Do you have oranges? No, I don't have any oranges ! Do you have apples? No, I don't have apples ! Do you have pears? No. I don't have pears! Do you have tangerines? Yes, I have tangerines.

It is discussed in advance how many questions the presenter can ask one player. Usually this is 4-5 questions. If he was able to guess, then the children change roles in the game. The presenter becomes the player, and the child whose picture was guessed goes on to guess further.

If the presenter has not guessed right after 4 questions, then he continues to guess.

You can play this game together with your baby. Then the adult asks questions, and the child answers. Then switch roles.

Summary of a lesson on speech development in the first junior group “Fruits”

Lesson summary on speech development

in the first junior group “Fruits”

Fruits.

Target:

systematize children's knowledge about fruits

Tasks:

— improve the skill of writing a descriptive story;

- activate the word “multi-colored” in speech;

— introduce the concepts “fruit trees”, “orchard” into the active dictionary.

— improve communication skills

Equipment:

tree layouts pictures of fruits fruit layouts envelope with letter ball plates paper cut fruits for trees

Progress of the lesson

- Hello guys! Look how many guests came to us today, let's say hello to them.

— Guys, today we received a letter from our friends from another kindergarten.

- Guys, they invite us to play and solve riddles. (Children sit on chairs in a semicircle and look at the ICT board)

1.

Round, rosy

I'm growing on a branch

Adults love me

And little children (apple)

(On the ICT there is a picture of an apple and tell what it is according to the diagram; then there are pictures of the guessed fruits)

.

2.

Bright, sweet

All in the cover poured!

Not from a candy factory

From distant Africa. (orange)

3.

There is a fruit in the little garden, It’s as sweet as honey, It’s as rosy as a roll, But it’s not round like a ball, It’s stretched out a little right under the leg. (pear)

4.

Blue uniform

Yellow lining

And it's sweet in the middle. (plum)

- Well done boys. All the riddles were solved.

- Guys, how can you call an apple, orange, pear, plum in one word? What is this? (fruits)

.

— Guys, where do fruits grow? (on the trees)

.

— What are the names of the trees on which fruit grows? (fruit)

—Where do fruit trees grow? (in the garden)

— What is the name of a garden in which there are many fruit trees? (Orchard)

.(ICT orchard)

- Well done!

- Guys, today we will go on a trip to a fabulous orchard. What time of year is it outside now? (late fall)

. And we will visit the garden where it is always summer.

“But the road for us, guys, will not be easy; we will play along the way.” I will name you fruits and vegetables; when I name vegetables, we must walk on our haunches; when I name fruits, we walk on our toes; we pull our hands up toward the sun. (sounds of birds and insects)

- Guys, we’ve come to the garden. Let's sit down on the bench.

— Guys, what trees grow in the garden? (apple trees, plum trees, cherries, pears, orange tree)

- What fruits grow on apple trees, pears, cherries, plums, etc.?

- Well done!

— Guys, please tell me why we people grow so many fruits? After all, if you don’t eat them all at once, they will go bad? Let's talk about how you can store fruits (cook, dry, freeze)

.
What can you cook from fruits? ( jam, compote, juice, marmalade)
- Let’s stand in a circle and play the game “Treats” (ball game)

Children stand in a circle. I am the presenter, throw the ball, for example to Katya S. and ask: “What kind of orange juice?”, Katya – “orange”, etc., I have to play with each child.

“Now let’s slowly sit down on the bench.” Guys, look carefully, are our fruits all the same? (no) (ICT picture with different fruits)

— How do fruits differ from each other? (shape, color, size)

- For example, Zhenya, name us a fruit that is round or oval in shape. Well done!

— Guys, what color are the fruits? (red, yellow, blue, orange, etc.)

— How to say in one word about the color of fruit? (multi-colored. Repeat this word in chorus with the children)

Let's all go to the table together.

-Guys, now you and I have to complete the following task: I will give you two pictures cut into 4 parts; you need to fold them. You should get two pictures. (description according to the scheme pear, orange)

— Guys, let's play the game “Find the odd one out.”

Work in pairs. Children sit in pairs. I hand out plates with mock-ups of fruits and vegetables on them, and the children must find the extra ones. For example:

• apple, pear, onion,

  plum;

• orange, potato

  , lemon, grapes

• tomato, cucumber, banana

  , carrot

• eggplant, pepper, pear

  , cabbage

I check the children's answers. Seek a complete answer.

- Guys, let's go back to the orchard, sit on a bench and play the game “One - Many.” For example, I say: (one - pear, many - pears; lemon - lemons; plum - plums; etc.)

- Look, I have multi-colored apples: red, green. Take a green apple for those who were very interested today, it’s clear, it’s not difficult. The red apple will be taken by those who were interested, but found it a little difficult to complete the tasks. Let's now attach your apples to a tree in the garden and see what kind of apple tree will grow in our garden.

- Look, guys, what a beautiful apple tree we have.

-And now, you and I need to return to our kindergarten. Remember the game we already played, I will name you fruits and vegetables, when I name vegetables - we must walk on our haunches, when I name fruits - we walk on our toes, we pull our hands up towards the sun. (sounds of birds and insects)

“Here we are back, sit down on the chairs.” Our lesson is coming to an end.

- Guys, what did we talk about today?

—Where did we travel?

— Why is the garden called an orchard?

Let's go to the music.

List of sources used:

• https://nsportal.ru/detskiy-sad/logopediya/2012/02/17/konspekt-zanyatiya-frukty

Orange.

We bend our fingers one by one.

We shared an orange. There are many of us, but he is alone! This slice is for hedgehogs, This slice is for urchins, This slice is for ducklings, This slice is for kittens. This slice is for the beaver, And for the wolf it is the peel!

Compote.

We depict actions in accordance with the text:

We will cook compote, We need a lot of fruits: We will chop apples, We will chop pears. Squeeze out the lemon juice, drain, and add sand. We cook, we cook compote. Let's treat honest people.

Fruits.

We bend our fingers one by one.

This finger is an orange, He is, of course, not alone. This finger is a plum, delicious, beautiful. This finger is an apricot, growing high on a branch. This finger is a pear, Asks: “Come on, eat it!” This finger is a pineapple, a fruit for you and for us.

Fun physical education minutes:

Harvest.

Show actions: carry a ladder, set up a ladder, pick pears, put them in boxes, load them into the car.

2. How a gardener grew an apple tree.

Show actions: the gardener digs a hole, plants an apple tree, whitewashes the trunk of the apple tree, waters, fertilizes, prunes, and collects fruits.

3. Apple.

That's an apple! It's full of sweet juice! (stand up, arms to the sides, stretch) Stretch your hands, pick an apple! (hands up, stretch up) The wind began to shake the twig, it’s hard to pick an apple! (arms up, bend to the sides) I’ll jump up, stretch out my hand and quickly pick an apple! (jumping up, clapping overhead)