Modern forms of work on spiritual and moral education

Modern forms of work on spiritual and moral education

Modern forms of work

spiritual and moral education

Society is only able to set and solve large-scale national problems when it has a common system of moral guidelines. And there are these guidelines where they preserve respect for the native language, for the original culture and original cultural values, for the memory of their ancestors, for every page of our national history.

Education plays a key role in the spiritual and moral unity of society. School is the only social institution through which all Russian citizens pass. Personal values, of course, are primarily formed in the family. But the most systematic, consistent and profound spiritual and moral development and upbringing of the individual occurs in the sphere of education. Therefore, it is at school that not only the intellectual, but also the spiritual and cultural life of the student should be concentrated.

A school-age child, especially in elementary school, is most susceptible to spiritual and moral development and education. But the shortcomings of this development and upbringing are difficult to make up for in subsequent years. What is experienced and learned in childhood is characterized by great psychological stability.

The methodological basis for the development and implementation of the federal state educational standard of general education is the Concept of spiritual and moral development and education.

The concept defines the goals and objectives of spiritual and moral development and education of the individual, a system of basic national values, principles of spiritual and moral development and education of the individual.

Education should be focused on achieving a certain ideal. What ideal does the Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the individual orient us toward?

The modern national educational ideal is a highly moral, creative, competent citizen of Russia, who accepts the fate of the Fatherland as his own, aware of responsibility for the present and future of his country, rooted in the spiritual and cultural traditions of the multinational people of the Russian Federation.

The main content of spiritual and moral development, education and socialization are basic national values. We preserve these values ​​in cultural and family traditions and pass them on from generation to generation. Relying on these values ​​helps a person resist destructive influences.

What are our traditional sources of morality? This is Russia, our multinational people and civil society, family, work, art, science, religion, nature¸ humanity. Accordingly, the basic national values ​​are determined:

– Patriotism – love for one’s small Motherland, one’s people, for Russia, service to the Fatherland;

– family – love and loyalty, health, prosperity, respect for parents, care for elders and younger ones, care for procreation;

– work and creativity – respect for work, creativity and creation, determination and perseverance;

– art and literature – beauty, harmony, the spiritual world of man, moral choice, the meaning of life, aesthetic development, ethical development;

– nature – evolution, native land, protected nature, planet Earth, environmental consciousness;

Basic values ​​should underlie the way of school life and determine the classroom, extracurricular and extracurricular activities of children.

In other words, the integrativeness of all programs for the spiritual and moral development of the individual is necessary.

Work in our school is carried out in the following areas:

Implementation methods:

1. Visual (illustrative story with a discussion of the most complex issues of the topic; conducting didactic games; excursions; working with texts.. 2. Verbal (reading literary works, followed by discussion and a creative task; conversation with consolidation of the material in creative works under the guidance of a teacher; conducting role-playing, didactic games, analysis of everyday situations, conducting quizzes, competitions, theme evenings) 3. Practical (organizing the productive activities of students).

Forms of working with children:

– Individual and group classes, conversations, games with moral and spiritual content. – Creative artistic activities of children: needlework, drawing, creating arts and crafts items

– Organizing holidays and events. – Use of multimedia technologies (correspondence excursions, virtual museum, creation of presentations). – Research activities of students. – Excursions (to nature, the Mint, the Museum of Icons and others) – Organization of exhibitions. – Thematic and creative evenings. – Participation in competitions, festivals, concerts.

The class teacher carries out this work in the system of extracurricular activities, that is, he acts as the main organizer of the spiritual and moral education of students during extracurricular hours. He faces the most important task of instilling moral skills and habits in his pets, and developing unity of speech and behavior in them. In this regard, the involvement of every student in practical, labor and cultural activities is of great importance. A very important task of the class teacher is to subordinate all aspects of extracurricular educational work to the moral development of schoolchildren.

Extracurricular activities of schoolchildren is a concept that unites all types of activities of schoolchildren (except academic ones), in which it is possible and appropriate to solve the problems of their upbringing and socialization - this is an integral part of the educational process at school. It contributes to the implementation of the requirements of federal educational standards for general education. Its advantages: providing children with a wide range of activities aimed at developing the student.

The school provides general education, which is very important and significant, but it is additional education in extracurricular activities that contributes to the development of the individual, the discovery of his abilities, early career guidance and spiritual and moral education.

Simple arithmetic calculations show that a student is free from school for at least 150 days a year. But a child is never free from himself. And we, adults, do not have the right to deprive a child of the opportunity to choose an environment where he can express himself and master the ways of intelligent life. It is enough for the teacher to think through a system for choosing a task to his liking, to identify the child’s preferences, and he can develop his abilities in a variety of directions, and do this right at school, without dooming the child and his parents to look for additional services on the side.

The extracurricular activity program “I am a pedestrian and a passenger” is aimed at developing in the child independence and personal responsibility for his actions, compliance with traffic rules; awareness of human responsibility for general well-being;

These activities require a creative approach and can be of different types:

– conversations including questions of hygiene, nutrition and hardening provide knowledge in the field of health improvement; dynamic pauses, business games, competition games contribute to the development of children’s positive attitude towards the basic values ​​of modern society.

Artistic and aesthetic education is implemented through the “Funny Colors” classes. These activities help children see and comprehend the world of things and objects in everyday life in a new way, awaken their imagination, and encourage active creative search and creation. In extracurricular activities “School of Communication” and “Umka”, children get to know each other, learn to identify their character traits, and become familiar with psychological concepts at an accessible level.

Humanistic pedagogy is distinguished by its focus on accepting the child as a person and individuality, on protecting his right to self-development and self-determination.

The Federal State Educational Standard for General Education pays special attention to the student’s extracurricular activities and defines space and time in the educational process.

Spiritual and moral education is one of the main components of the educational process at school, which helps to raise honest, kind, hardworking people, will help them find their place in life, and use the acquired knowledge and skills for the benefit of the Motherland.

“Spiritual and moral education - as the basis for the harmonious development of a student”

• Secondly, in
the modern world, a small person lives and develops, surrounded by many different sources of strong influence on him, both positive and negative, which daily fall on the child’s fragile intellect and feelings, on the still emerging sphere of morality.
• Thirdly , education in itself does not guarantee a high level of moral education, because education is a personality quality that determines in a person’s everyday behavior his attitude towards other people on the basis of respect and goodwill towards each person.

• Fourthly , equipping with moral knowledge is also important because it not only informs the child about the norms of behavior established in modern society, but also gives ideas about the consequences of violating norms or the consequences of this act for the people around him.

The moral education system includes:

• Firstly, understanding and taking into account in the work all sources of moral experience of students. Such sources are: activities (educational, socially useful), relationships between children in a team, relationships between students and teachers and parents, aesthetics of everyday life, the world of nature, art.

• Secondly , the correct balance between forms of activity and education at different age stages.

• Thirdly , the inclusion of moral criteria in the assessment of all types of activities and manifestations of the personality of children without exception. The thing is that education is just a side effect of interaction, deep communication between people, only this gives the effect of education, everything else is the child’s self-adaptation and self-determination. It is not the teacher, not the parents who raise the child, but the child adapts to the behavior of the parents and also adapts to the life situations that make up his life path.

Main sources of moral experience

This is, first of all, an educational activity. The moral development of students in the classroom is carried out through the content of program and didactic material, and the organization of the lesson itself. Educational material, especially in literature and history, has enormous potential for moral influence on schoolchildren. It contains a large number of moral and ethical judgments. During the lessons, the teacher directly leads students to understand their relationship to man and society.

WITH

The personality of the teacher has a strong influence on the moral development of schoolchildren in the learning process.

Each lesson the teacher implements certain goals, and not only those formulated in the plan. The teacher’s behavior, his gestures, his manner of dressing and speaking are reflected in the child’s mind; the nature of communication with him, with other students, under various circumstances; how he behaves with colleagues, how he reacts to the successes and failures of his classmates. The educator or teacher requires students to be careful, disciplined, and to fulfill their duties. And the result will depend on how demanding and consistent the teacher turns out to be. With skillful organization of both educational and extracurricular activities, students develop the foundations of moral behavior and spiritual culture.