Minuses
Like any preschool education system, Froebel's method has its drawbacks. Let's talk about some of them, recalling that they are all subjective, just like the advantages.
The first is clear regulation of the activities of a preschooler. Unlike other education systems, the child is not allowed to be fully independent. And many parents don't like this. Firstly, the child has to pay more attention (you have to keep an eye on what your son or daughter is doing all the time). Secondly, not all kindergartens in Krasnoyarsk can offer you training using this method. In these preschool institutions, the child will most likely be left to his own devices for quite a long time, which contradicts the essence of the system.
The second is educational material and low performance. If you believe the main idea, then games with folding paper, exercises with a ball or a wooden construction set should develop the child. Their benefits, of course, are undeniable, but teachers have doubts: are such exercises enough for good results?
Third, the child does not grow up to be independent. This contradiction is felt most strongly. On the one hand, we develop a harmonious personality, distribute the child’s free time entirely, but the lack of independent leisure time based on interests also has a downside. He will be able to make decisions, be responsible for his actions, but only for those that others have pointed out to him.
Set 2 - Main bodies
The second set will allow the baby to become familiar with basic geometric shapes. He compares them, finds similarities and differences. The toys have metal hooks, so they can be hung on the crossbar using strings. The design is installed on the box and is stable.
Guidelines for set 2
The second set is recommended for classes with children of a more conscious age - from 2-3 years old.
- This set of geometric shapes is suitable for conducting a variety of experiments. For example, if you roll all 3 pieces down an inclined surface, which one will end up at the bottom faster than the others?
- You can hang each figurine by a hook and invite your child to look at it from different angles. This will develop spatial thinking, and the baby will learn to see differences.
- To study the properties of geometric shapes, the game “Turrets” is suitable. Children, together with adults, try to place the figures on top of each other. The children's task is to answer why certain types of objects cannot become a strong foundation for a structure.
What does it contain?
- Ball.
- Cylinder.
- Cube
- Fastenings.
Set 4 – Cube made of bars
Instead of cubes, the set includes blocks. The child observes how from one figure one can assemble a completely different one - a cube. You can assemble not only towers, but also more complex structures, and compare them with each other.
Guidelines for set 4
Recommended age for children is 3-4 years. A set of bars together with the previous set expands the options for exercises and the field for creativity.
- The set is a continuation of the construction theme. Together with the cubes, the bars allow you to build houses and add roofs to structures.
- Using an example, oblong figures explain how to create a completely new object from one shape - the bars turn into a large cube.
- Thanks to the long shape of the block, it is possible to grow a tower higher than the previous one.
What does it contain?
- A set of identical blocks.
Principles of education
If the main thing in a method of child development and learning is the test of time, then this one deserves the honorary title of veteran, because it was invented more than 250 years ago.
And as we noted above, the system gave us not only scientific works and the basics of teaching, but also a kindergarten! According to the German teacher, kindergarten is no less necessary in the development of personality than parental love.
Let's try to briefly outline the main aspects of the methodology:
- A game. It is she who is recognized by scientists as the main educational element through which it is easier for a child to understand the world and develop. Froebel developed a whole game complex: balls, a set of blocks (construction set) that should be folded into a cubic box by moving them, paper origami - these games from an early age in an accessible form in practice explain to children the rules of geometry and form spatial thinking. We will talk more about “gifts” below.
- Speech development. Here the teacher spoke about the importance of developing fine motor skills, as he was convinced that working with paper, sticks, paints, and modeling has a positive effect on speech. During creative activities, children should talk and discuss what is happening.
- Surrounded by love. Froebel insisted that children need to do what they really like. So, in his kindergarten, children sang a lot, listened to stories about animals and looked after flowers.
- Collective education. The scientist believed that it is very important for children to spend as much time as possible with their peers.
- No punishment. The teacher denied cruelty of any kind towards children.
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In conclusion, I would like to add that the scientist advocated the regulation of the child’s activities. The parent and educator are guides; they take on the task of limiting the child’s activities, devoting time to all aspects of development. This is important for raising a strong and developed personality.
Popular questions from parents
You are being advised by child psychologist Yulia Viktorovna Buyanova.
What do you see as the main advantages of this technique?
“The undoubted advantage of this method is attention to the child, his needs and individual abilities. And joint activities with parents ensure psychological comfort and development of each family member, establishing strong connections and mutual understanding.”
What disadvantages of the technique can you note?
“Froebel’s methodology had a huge impact on the development of preschool pedagogy and became widespread. However, in its original form it does not correspond to the level of technological development and the speed of our time.”
Why do you think this method is not as popular today as, for example, Montessori?
“It should be noted that Froebel was the founder of sensory education. At the same time, Maria Montessori actively used sensory exercises to develop thinking, feelings, sight and sound. Also, Froebel’s method regulates the activities of children in the greatest possible way, in contrast, the Montessori method is aimed at the fact that the teacher only observes the process, creating for the child an environment for multifaceted development.”
We hope that our article has helped you to better understand this system of education for preschoolers. You can use some of it for the development of your children, creating your own method for upbringing and education.
Set 1 – Textile balls
Multi-colored textile balls on strings can be used for games from infancy. They are very unusual, embossed, pleasant to the touch. They can be rolled, lowered and raised, and rocked. The child will learn what “up”, “down”, “around”, “straight”, “right”, “left” are. He gets acquainted with the properties of the ball: the absence of angles, instability.
Guidelines for set 1
A set of textile balls is recommended for use with children starting from 6 months of age.
- First of all, you should pay attention to exercises related to fine motor skills. The balls can be squeezed and unclenched, feeling how the shape of the toy changes.
- To improve the grasping function of your fingers and hands, the catch-and-throw game is suitable. The child tries to catch the ball flying towards him and throws it back, straining his arm muscles.
- The string on the balls allows you to hang the toy so that it can swing freely. The baby pushes the balls from side to side, observing the change in the position of the object. In this way, children gain their first knowledge about the movement of objects in space.
What does it contain?
- 8 wool balls of different colors.
Set 5 – Cubes and Prisms
The box, which is a cube, contains smaller cubes and triangular prisms. If you add the prisms to each other, you get a cube. The child deepens his knowledge of geometry, trains fine motor skills and thinking. The set can be used as a wooden construction set.
Guidelines for kit 5
Recommended for classes with children from 5 years old.
- This set reveals in more detail how to construct figures in space. By experimenting with the number of shapes and connecting each one to the other, the child creates new versions of geometric shapes.
- Triangular prisms allow you to build objects with an inclined surface.
- By adding a triangular figure to the cubes and bars, you can create a wonderful roof for the house.
What does it contain?
- Cubes.
- Triangular prisms.
Set 3 - Cube made of cubes
The set includes eight absolutely identical small cubes, from which you can add one large cube. The child learns to count, understand what a part and a whole are, how to make a big one out of small elements. You can build towers from cubes.
Guidelines for set 3
Set 3 is suitable for children from 3 years old.
- Playing with blocks develops building skills in children. To gain first knowledge, it is recommended to start with simple models. The kid can build a table and a chair, create a staircase with steps or a pyramid.
- For the next game you will need to use all the dice from the set. You need to build a high tower and try not to drop a single cube.
- The number of items allows you to create cubes of different sizes. Comparing the size of figures helps to clearly see how and how things in nature differ.
What does it contain?
- 8 identical cubes
pros
The first and undoubted advantage is the scientist’s contribution to the institute of preschool education. With its help, kindergartens have taken a leading position in the preschool education system in many countries. The great teacher created a holistic methodology, equipped it with practical aids and brought it to life.
The second plus is maximum attention to the child. One way or another, parental attention is worth a lot. It’s good if you spend maximum time with your baby, but not all parents adhere to this rule - and it doesn’t really matter what development system you follow.
The third plus is followers. Over the years of the existence of the methodology, others have arisen on its basis; Froebel’s works still remain relevant and are used in preschool education, which means that it makes sense to use its provisions for the upbringing and development of one’s own children.
Set 6 – Cubes, posts and bricks
A more complicated version of the fifth set. It is complemented by cylinders and cylinder halves. This opens up great design possibilities. The child gets acquainted with new figures.
Guidelines for kit 6
Recommended age for classes is 5 years.
- Thanks to the expanded set, children can try their hand at building more complex objects. Together with the sets of previous sets, it will be possible to create improved versions of houses and structures.
- Mini-quizzes are suitable for developing spatial and logical thinking. The child takes two or more objects and tells how each figure is different. During a group lesson, you can divide into teams. The group that names more differences than their opponents wins.
- Building the largest tower allows you to compete and show your skills. To play, you will need items from all previous sets. Children take turns placing the figures on top of each other. If the tower is broken, the game starts again.
What does it contain?
- Cubes.
- Prisms.
- Cylinders.
- Halves of cylinders.
